SOB patient Flashcards
(34 cards)
History in a patient presenting with an exacerbation of asthma
- dyspnoea
- cough
- audible wheeze
- PMH: asthmatic
History in a patient presenting with an exacerbation of COPD
- dyspnoea
- cough
- change in sputum colour
- PMH: COPD
History in a patient presenting with pneumonia
- dyspnoea
- fever
- cough
- confusion
History in a patient presenting with pneumothorax
- dyspnoea
- chest pain
- possible PMH of: COPD, Marfan’s
History in a patient presenting with PE
- dyspnoea
- chest pain
- hemoptysis
History in a patient presenting with ACS
- central crushing chest pain
- radiating to the jaw and left arm
- lasting >30 minutes
- not relieved by nitrates or rest
History in a patient presenting with Pulmonary oedema
- dyspnoea
- pink frothy sputum
- peripheral oedema
- PMH: cardiac history
What can be found on the examination of a patient with Asthma Exacerbation?
- tachypnea
- polyphonic wheeze
- reduced air entry
- reduced PEFR
What can be found on the examination of a patient with COPD exacerbation?
- tachypnea
- polyphonic wheeze
- reduced air entry
What can be found on the examination of a patient with Pneumonia?
- tachypnea
- cyanosis
- febrile
- crepitation and bronchial breathing
- dullness to percussion
What can be found on the examination of a patient with a pneumothorax?
Ipsilateral findings of:
- reduced chest expansion
- no breath sounds
What can be found on the examination of a patient with Tension Pneumothorax?
- tracheal deviation
- raised JVP
What can be found on the examination of a patient with Pulmonary embolism?
- tachycardia
- low BP
- pleural rub
- loud P2
- signs of DVT
- clear lung auscultation
What can be found on the examination of a patient with ACS?
- no murmurs
- no temperature
What can be found on the examination of a patient with Pulmonary oedema?
- tachypnoea
- tachycardia
- bilateral crepitation
- raised JVP
What can be found on the examination of a patient with Anaphylaxis?
- facial swelling
- stridor
- wheezing
- hives
- hypotensive
What can be found on the examination of a patient with Anxiety?
- hyperventilation
Investigations done in exacerbation of asthma
- CXR → exclude consolidation
- ABG → to exclude ‘tiring’ patient
- blood and sputum culture
Investigations done in exacerbation of COPD
- clinical diagnosis
- CXR → exclude consolidation
- ABG → exclude hypercapnia
Investigations done in Pneumonia
- raised inflammatory markers
- CXR → consolidation
- sputum culture
- blood culture
- urine legionella and pneumococcal screen
Investigation done in pneumothorax
- CXR → will show air in pleural space
Investigation done in PE
Confirmed by CTPA
Investigations done in ACS
- ECG → ST elevation in 2 anatomically contiguous leads
- Troponins high
Investigations done in Pulmonary Oedema
CXR findings:
A - alveolar oedema
B - Kerley B-lines
C - Cardiomegaly
D- dilated prominent upper lobe vessels
E - pleural effusion
