SOC 16 - The Structure Of Blood Vessels And Blood Distribution Flashcards
(23 cards)
What are the 4 main characteristics of arteries?
• take blood away from heart
• have thick walls and are more elastic than veins as they carry oxygenated blood that has higher pressure than deoxygenated blood
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What are the 4 main characteristics of the veins?
• carry blood into heart
• thinner walls and less elastic as carry blood at lower pressure
• many valves to help deoxygenated blood flow back to heart
• pulmonary vein carries oxygenated blood from lu
What are the 4 main characteristics of the capilleries?
• Capilleries are microscopic vessels (one cell thick)
• At one end they carry oxygenated blood carrying oxygen and nutrients
• At the other they carry deoxygenated blood into veins picking up waste products to dipose of them
• Capillaries are where gaseous exchange takes place
What is a double circulatory system?
It is a system where the blood has to pass through the heart organ on each circuit of the body
Explain the path of blood in the circulatory system
The vena cava brings venous (deoxygenated) blood from the body into the right atrium where it collects. The venous blood passes from the right atrium to the right ventricle through the tricuspid valve.
The blood then passes through the pulmonary semilunar valve into the pulmonary trunk and into the lungs where it will collect the oxygen.
Oxygenated blood from the lungs returns to heart through pulmonary veins and collects in the left atrium. It passes into the left ventricle through the bicuspid valve.
The oxygenated blood passes through the aortic semilunar valve and is ready to be sent around the body through the aorta
Immune system meaning
Immune system: the structures and processes in your body that stop disease.
Thrombokinase meaning
Substance involved in blood clottings
Serotonin meaning
Serotonin: hormone that triggers the clotting process.
Plasma meaning
Plasma: the fluid part of blood.
Erythrocyte meaning
Erythrocyte: red blood cell.
Haemoglobin meaning
Haemoglobin: a red protein in the blood that transports oxygen.
Anaemia meaning
Anaemia: a condition where there is a lack of red cells or haemoglobin in the blood.
Leukocyte meaning
Leukocyte: white blood cell.
Pathogen meaning
Pathogen: an agent that causes disease, such as a virus.
Antibody meaning
Antibody: chemical that destroys a pathogen.
Label the heart
What are the two phases that the heart pumps blood in?
The heart beats in a ‘lub dub’ rythmn
1.) Systolic phase
2.) Diastolic phase
How does the systolic phase work?
○ This is where blood is pumped from both atria into the ventricles
(lub).
○ Then both the ventricles contract (dub).
○ Pushing deoxygenated blood to leave the right ventricle to the
lungs via the pulmonary artery.
○ Oxygenated blood in the left ventricle leaves via the aorta to the
body.
Explain the diastolic phase
○ This is when the heart is relaxing and refilling with the atria with
blood
What is blood pressure?
Blood pressure is a measure of the force that your heart uses to
pump the blood around your body
What does high blood pressure indicate?
Higher risk of health problems
What is blood made up of?
Red blood cells, white blood cells, platelets, plasma
