Soc-Sci

Question 1

It refers to an absence of undue
restrictions and an opportunity to
exercise one’s rights and powers.

Answer 1

Freedom

Question 2

It is a social and political concept which
has great significance on how people
participate in society.

Answer 2

Liberty

Question 3

The concept of freedom has emerged as an important philosophical issue on what century? Where? and What Age/Era?

Answer 3

: 18th Century
: Europe
: Age of Enlightenment

Question 4

Enlightenment thinkers believed that early man existed on “_________” and had _________.

Answer 4

: “Natural State” & Absolute freedom

Question 5

The Social Contract people enter.

Answer 5

It defines the freedoms they shall enjoy and surrender as members of society.

Question 6

What does freedom mean in social and political context?

Answer 6

The freedom of an individual from oppression, compulsion, or coercion.

Question 7

Coercion can come from? (3)

Answer 7

Other people, authoritative figure, and society itself.

Question 8

Refers to a person taking control of their life and fulfilling their potential.

Answer 8

Positive liberty

Question 9

Refers freedom from external restraint, barriers, and other interferences from other people.

Answer 9

Negative Liberty

Question 10

Upholds the preservation of individual rights and stresses the role of the government in protecting these civil liberties.

Answer 10

Liberalism

Question 11

Believes that individual not the government, is the best judge in upholding and exercising rights.

Answer 11

Libertarianism

Question 12

Considers freedom as the freedom to acquire economic resources and the ability to work and act according to one’s desires.

Answer 12

Socialism

Question 13

Refer to rights which are innate in the person such as the right to life. Considered universal and inalienable.

Answer 13

Natural Rights

Question 14

Rights that are based on society’s customs and laws that are enacted by legislation and enforced by a government. The enjoyment of these rights is based on citizenship.

Answer 14

Legal Rights

Question 15

Christians define freedom in?

Answer 15

Living in the accordance with the will of God.

Question 16

Refers to the capacity of a person to act and exert control over his or her behavior.

Answer 16

Human Agency

Question 17

The two ways of expressing Human freedom:

Answer 17

Free Will & Free Action

Question 18

Is the capacity to choose from alternative courses of action or decision.

Answer 18

Free Will

Question 19

The freedom to perform an action without any obstacles or hindrances.

Answer 19

Free action

Question 20

The two important notion in discussing free will:

Answer 20

Human Acts & Acts of Man.

Question 21

Voluntary actions, where the individual has
motive and full knowledge of the action. Humans actions are also
involved in the question of morality.

Answer 21

Human Acts

Question 22

Involuntary actions. These are actions that occur naturally in the human being such as the functioning of the senses and actions that occur without the knowledge of the agent such as sleepwalking.

Answer 22

Acts of Man

Question 23

Refers to free will as the use of our mental faculties. It assumes that we have free will due to our intellect because each human action is based on rationality and sound judgment.

Answer 23

Faculties Model

Question 24

Argues that free will is based on human wants and desires. An individual is faced with various wants and desires that need to be met. A person exercises free will when he or she identifies one desire as acceptable and decides to act on it.

Answer 24

Hierarchical Model

Question 25

Believes that man has free will because he or she is able to entertain reasons not to enact a certain decision and act upon them when the need arises.

Answer 25

Reasons-responsive View

Question 26

Freedom Constraints:

Answer 26

- Physical: disability, sickness or coercion - External Factors: weather, accidents, poverty - Internal: manipulation or brainwashing.

Question 27

A philosophical view that believes that every event in the world is brought about by underlying causes or factors.

Answer 27

Determinism

Question 28

It is a branch of philosophy that is concerned with the natural environment and humanity’s place within it.

Answer 28

Environmental Philosophy

Question 29

The belief that humans are the central and most significant species on the planet. It views that humans are considered the primary cause that drives changes in the environment.

Answer 29

Anthropocentrism

Question 30

It sees the natural world as being maintained by the interrelationship among living organisms and that every living thing on the planet is dependent on each other for survival.

Answer 30

Deep Ecology

Question 31

It suggests that non-organic elements in the planet play a significant role in maintaining balance in the environment.

Answer 31

Gaia Hypothesis

Question 32

It holds that mankind is intended to live in harmony with all creation. God created man and granted him dominion over all creatures and tasked him to subdue the earth.

Answer 32

Theological Views

Question 33

Five Environmental Problems:

Answer 33

- Pollution - Environmental Degradation - Depletion of natural resources - Global Warming - Climate Change.

Question 34

This UN organization conducts an objective source of scientific information. It finds clear evidence that human activities have contributed to the rise of global temperatures through the release of greenhouse gases into the atmosphere.

Answer 34

Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change

Question 35

The report highlighted the indications of global warming such as:

Answer 35

Steadily Warming Ocean Temperatures and Glacial Melting in Arctic

Question 36

It addresses social inequality and eradicating poverty, which are considered driving forces behind practices that harm the environment.

Answer 36

Sustainable Development Goals

Question 37

Philosophers advocate for the application of _________ to environmental concerns.

Answer 37

Ethical Concepts

Question 38

This discipline emerged in the 1970s and advocated human responsibility and action with regard to environmental issues. This ethical view emphasizes key ideas that combine philosophical, pragmatic, and theological perspectives.

Answer 38

Environmental Ethics

Question 39

It applies an ecological and ethical approach in analyzing society, and sees a relationship between social problems and environmental problems.

Answer 39

Social Ecology

Question 40

It considers climate change a significant ethical, social, and political issue. This view was greatly influenced by the concept of environmental justice.

Answer 40

Climate Ethics

Question 41

Originally discussed concepts of beauty in nature but has recently been increasingly influenced by environmental concerns.

Answer 41

Environmental Aesthetics

Question 42

Important issue in international politics as governments and international organizations have devoted efforts to discuss environmental issues and formulate plans to address them

Answer 42

Environmentalism

Question 43

Legally bind countries to strengthen the global response to climate change by emission reduction targets.

Answer 43

Kyoto Protocol

Question 44

Central aim is to strengthen the global response to climate change by keeping the global temperature rise.

Answer 44

Paris Agreement

Question 45

A global effort instituted in 1970 to raise awareness of environmental issues and inspire action among communities. Date of Celebration is April 22

Answer 45

Earth Day