Social 14-22

Question 1

benefits for women

Answer 1

-earnt more than ever before, overtime,
-piece rate pay, full employment, first time financial independance to a degree,
-increased employed women. 1 million women entered workforce, 250,000 switched from peace to war,
-80% shell factory women, -by 1918 1/3 workforce female,
-new conditions dangerous,
- challenge victorian view of women, key in convincing for ROTPA 1918,
-1919 sex disqualifications act
-new fashion reflect increased freedom
-women in transport 1914 18,000 1918 117,000
-women in banking increased 600%
-m/c replaced men in adminstrative jobs and entered nursing
-women became typists, clerks, drivers
-many women in armed forces, 150,000 by 1918, WRAF, WRNS.
-domestic services employed fell by 400,000
-women do jobs previously only men like factories and office and transport

Question 2

was womens role transformational

Answer 2

no, millions were working pre war in traditional industries like domestic and textiles, and in new like office as typist. small number going to uni and entering pro careers. war hastened it and loosened society not transformed

Question 3

women negatives

Answer 3

still 1.2 million, mostly women, in domestic and by 1921 women % workforce little different to 1911 when men came home, still emphasis on traditional role, seen as emergence measure, not all women enfranchised 1918, women not receive same pay.

Question 4

war created huge demand for workers who did this empower

Answer 4

trade unions

Question 5

how many working age men removed from economy

Answer 5

6 million

Question 6

how many volunteered to fight in total

Answer 6

2.5million