Social Crime Prevention Flashcards
(13 cards)
What is social crime prevention?
Preventing criminal propensities from developing in individuals or groups, rather than preventing opportunities for crime (Crawford, 1997).
What is developmental crime prevention?
Interventions to prevent the development of criminal potential in individuals by targeting risk and protective factors (Tremblay & Craig, 1995)
What is the focus of social crime prevention?
On people, not situations; aims to reduce risk factors and enhance protective ones.
What is developmental/life course criminology concerned with?
Understanding criminal behaviour over time, identifying risk/protective factors, and studying life events’ impacts.
What is the Social Developmental Model?
A model that incorporates beliefs, rewards, and external social/environmental factors (Catalano & Hawkins).
What is Moffitt’s Dual Taxonomy theory?
Differentiates between life-course persistent offenders and adolescence-limited offenders.
What is Age-Graded Theory (Sampson and Laub)?
Strong social bonds reduce offending; life events like marriage act as turning points
What is Farrington’s ICAP Theory?
Focuses on antisocial potential and both long- and short-term factors influencing it.
e.g. long term -strain, modelling, impulsivity; short term -motivation, situational factors)
What is prospective vs. retrospective prediction?
Prospective: Predict future offending based on risk factors. Retrospective: Examine past offenders for presence of risk factors.
What are the three ways risk factors combine?
Cumulative, interactive, and sequential effects.
What does research say about sequential risk effects (Basto-Pereira et al., 2024)?
Certain early risk factors amplify the impact of later ones in a sequential pattern.
What are key elements of skills training? (Lösel & Bender, 2012)
Training in cognitive, emotional, and behavioural competence using scenarios and role-play.
What does pre-school training aim to improve?
Emotional, social, and cognitive development, both for children and their parents (Holy et al., 2012).
