Social Development: AGENTS, LEVELS, & ORG.

Question 1

SD INITIATIVES THAT ACTORS IMPLEMENT

Answer 1

PROJECTS
PROGRAMMES
POLICIES
PLANS
INTERVENTIONS
PRACTICE STRATEGY

Question 2

well-established FORMS of SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT practice that organize different projects, programs and policies into coherent systems of _________.

Answer 2

INTERVENTIONS

Question 3

NOT focused on any particular LOCALITIES. More LONG TERM. Can be comprised of DIFFERENT PROJECTS.

Answer 3

PROGRAMMES

Question 4

prescriptive statements that DEFINE GOALS and govern implementation of projects and programs. They SHAPE THE ACTIVITIES of formal organizations

Answer 4

POLICIES

Question 5

SMALL-SCALE and TIME-LIMITED interventions usually implemented at a LOCAL LEVEL

Answer 5

PROJECTS

Question 6

they direct and FACILITATE the implementation of POLICIES by setting justifiable goals that are met through SEQUENTIAL STEPS implemented according to a PREDETERMINED TIME SCALE.

Answer 6

PLANS

Question 7

MAJOR SECTORS OF SOCIETY that serve as SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT ARMS of society

Answer 7

Government
Private Sector
Civil Society

Question 8

FEATURES/CONTRIBUTION OF DIFFERENT PARTNERS

Answer 8

From the BUSINESS sector:
From the CIVIL SOCIETY:
From the GOVERNMENT:

Question 9

dynamism, access to finance, technologies, managerial efficiency and entrepreneurial spirit.

Answer 9

From the business sector

Question 10

local knowledge, social consciousness, advocacy, community organizing / mobilization.

Answer 10

From the civil society

Question 11

infrastructure, policy, information, political will and enabling environment.

Answer 11

From the government

Question 12

refers to those agencies, institutions, movements, cultural forces and social
relationship which are both PRIVATELY and VOLUNTARY ORGANIZED and which are NOT DIRECTLY CONTROLLED by the STATE.

Answer 12

CIVIL SOCIETY

Question 13

“CIVIL SOCIETY refers to the realm of PRIVATE POWER and private organizations whereas the STATE is the realm of public power and public organizations.”

Answer 13

McGrew, 1992

Question 14

T OR F
CIVIL SOCIETY INCLUDES: ACADEME, PROFESSIONAL ORGANIZATIONS, NGOs, people’s organization, CHURCH organization, among others.

Answer 14

T

Question 15

Civil Society Organizations or CSOs are considered a “_____ _______ _______” (Perlas, 2000) which has ENOUGH CLOUT to INFLUENCE GOVERNMENT and BUSINESS decisions.

Answer 15

GLOBAL COUNTERVAILING FORCE

Question 16

ATTRIBUTES OF NGO
(Salamon and Anheier, 1994)

Answer 16

Non-governmental
Non-profit-making
Voluntary
Of a solid and continuing form
Altruistic
Philanthropic

Question 17

________ ________ is the foundation of NGO work in the Philippines

Presently, mandated in the Constitution – the involvement of NGOs in Philippine development (Article 2 Section 23 and Article 13 Section 15 and 16) and also in the Local Government Code of 1991.

Answer 17

COMMUNITY ORGANIZING

Question 18

NGOs relations with GOVERNMENT

Answer 18

CRITIC
COMPETITOR
PARTNER

Question 19

NGOs relations with PRIVATE SECTOR

Answer 19

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (NGOs as beneficiaries)
VENTURE PHILANTHROPY (NGO and private enterprises as high-involvement partners)

Question 20

viewed as the CORPORATIONS’ OBLIGATION TO SOCIETY or ‘VOLUNTARY EFFORTS TO BE GOOD CITIZENS’ (Smith, 1995; Aguilera, et.al.2006; Henderson, 2001).

Answer 20

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR)

Question 21

also seen as GOING BEYOND THE TRADITIONAL BOTTOM LINE which is profit without totally abandoning it in its core values (Davis, 1973 as quoted by Aguilera, et al, League of Corporate Foundations, European Commission, Business for Social Progress, World Business Council for Sustainable Development).

Answer 21

CORPORATE SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY (CSR)

Question 22

“…under pressure from many sides, corporate managements have been quick to assert their agreement in principle to the proposition that the firm
shall concern itself with the ills of society, particularly as those ills have begun to seem increasingly threatening”.

Answer 22

(Baumol, 1975)

Question 23

CSR EXAMPLES

Answer 23

• PHINMA provides low-cost housing and also maintains a network of schools and universities
• COKE trucks to deliver P 100 M worth of textbooks
• MANILA WATER ensures clean water lines for public schools
• MIRANT’s rural electrification project for 1000 barangays
• PFIZER’s “Value e-Card Program” that provides access to life-saving medicines
• SAN MIGUEL CORPORATION’s “PET Recycling Project” that cuts production costs and promotes environmental awareness
• SM FOUNDATION, INC. - to help the less fortunate in the communities EDUCATION, HEALTH, COMMUNITY DEVELOPMENT, CARE FOR THE ENVIRONMENT AND FOR PERSONS WITH SPECIAL NEEDS.

Question 24

DIFFERENT SD AGENTS AND ORGANIZATIONS

Answer 24

P - Professional personnel
P - Paraprofessional
C - Conventional not-for-profit and faith-based organizations
F - Families and households
G - Government administrators, Policy makers, and professional planners
L - Local people or volunteers
M - Middle class social entrepreneurs

Question 25

- KEY SD AGENTS - TRAINED at government academies or universities - Operating at all levels but active especially at the COMMUNITY LEVEL and administration of SD programs - Administer both government and non-governmental initiatives

Answer 25

PROFESSIONAL PERSONNEL

Question 26

- Received some training at SPECIALIZED TRAINING institutions - Perform SPECIALIZED TASK and SHORT COURSES are often used for this purpose - IMPLEMENT SD projects supervised by SD professionals - The number has increased as there has been global retrenchment and laying off of SD professionals

Answer 26

PARAPROFESSIONAL

Question 27

- FORMULATE SOCIAL POLICIES which are incorporated into national development plans - They engage in SECTORIAL PLANNING in education, health, housing, social services, community development and social protection. - Coordinate the implementation of plans by government departments and participate in the evaluation of outcomes. - Implementing these goals requires EFFICIENT and COORDINATED NATIONAL LEVEL PLANNING that MOBILIZES and coordinates various agencies within the government for policies and programs to be implemented at the national and local levels.

Answer 27

GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATORS, POLICY MAKERS AND PROFESSIONAL PLANNERS

Question 28

EXAMPLE OF GOVERNMENT ADMINISTRATORS, POLICY MAKERS AND PROFESSIONAL PLANNERS

Answer 28

Pantawid Pamilyang Pilipino Program (4Ps) KALAHI-CIDSS NCDDP Sustainable Livelihood Program Supplementary Feeding Program Issuance of Travel Clearance for Minors Social PENSION Program for indigent Senior Citizens Assistance to Individuals in Crisis Situation (AICS)

Question 29

- GRASSROOT AGENTS who are usually COMPENSATED for the work and few have formal trainings. - They IDENTIFY LOCAL NEEDS, MOBILIZE COMMUNITY members and establish a variety of local social development projects. - They may form local organizations which become formal organizations by adopting governance and organizational procedures, opening bank accounts and even employing professional staff.

Answer 29

LOCAL PEOPLE OR VOLUNTEERS

Question 30

- Recognized lately through the LIVELIHOOD APPROACH - HOUSEHOLD as the PRIMARY UNIT for social development - Previously seen as BENEFICIARIES but now are viewed as SOCIAL AGENTS in themselves

Answer 30

FAMILIES AND HOUSEHOLDS

Question 31

- ACTIVE in SD in GLOBAL SOUTH - Initiate new programs, establish NGOs and lobby from both national and international sources - Attuned to new ideas and help to create organizations that promote innovative approaches - They tap into wider social movements and international activist organizations

Answer 31

MIDDLE CLASS SOCIAL ENTREPRENEURS

Question 32

- Established by MIDDLE CLASS ENTREPRENEURS to serve needy people - Engage in advocacy, fundraising and promoting what are called as self-help groups, comprised of people previously served by traditional social service organizations - International faith-based organizations such as Christian Aid, CARITAS and World Vision, The Salvation Army, spearhead a variety of SD activities - Local mosques, temples and churches may serve also as centers for social development

Answer 32

CONVENTIONAL NOT-FOR-PROFIT AND FAITH BASED ORGANIZATION

Question 33

- Focus on global goals (MDGs and SDGs) to foster greater INTERNATIONAL COLLABORATION among the world’s governments. - Pioneered new approaches such as the MDGs and SDGs or the social security floor by the ILO.

Answer 33

INTERNATIONAL ORGANIZATIONS

Question 34

Rich countries and emerging economies have spearheaded their own international SD programs. (Australian, UKaid, KOICA, jica)

Answer 34

FOREIGN GOVERNMENT DONORS

Question 35

Spearhead international SD programs across countries. (The Rockefeller Foundation, FORD Foundation, The ROTARY Foundation, Bill & Melinda Gates Foundation)

Answer 35

FOREIGN FOUNDATIONS

Question 36

Provide a training ground for ST professionals. They offer specialist course and trainings. (CHE)

Answer 36

UNIVERSITIES AND OTHER HIGHER EDUCATION INSTITUTIONS

Question 37

WHY THE NEED FOR PARTNERSHIP?

Answer 37

No single sector can do it alone During the UNCED one clear message came out – “The task ahead was too much and TOO IMPORTANT FOR THE GOVERNMENT ALONE. New partnerships had to be forged”- Hugh Faulkner Offers real opportunity to CUT OFF INEFFICIENCY and WASTE. Provides for a workable solution that MEET URGENT major NEEDS as well as SUSTAINABILITY CONCERNS.

Question 38

NOT ONE SECTOR could SOLVE societal problems ___!

Answer 38

ALONE

Question 39

We need to MAXIMIZE the strengths of EACH SECTOR to achieve ____ ______.

Answer 39

SOCIAL DEVELOPMENT