Social influence

Question 1

Fill in the blanks- “Conformity is the _____ in a persons behaviour or _____, as a result of real or _____ pressure from a _____ of people or an _____”

Answer 1

change, opinions, imagined, group, individual

Question 2

Define compliance

Answer 2

The lowest level of conformity, someones public behaviour changes but not their private beliefs.

Question 3

How long does compliance last?

Answer 3

Short-term

Question 4

Define identification

Answer 4

The middle level of conformity, somebodies public and private behavior changes, but only while they are in the presence of a group.

Question 5

How long does identification last?

Answer 5

Short-term

Question 6

Define internalisation

Answer 6

This is the deepest level of conformity, this is when a person changes their public and private behaviour.

Question 7

How long does internalisation last?

Answer 7

Long-term

Question 8

What is the key term for this definition: ‘We agree with the opinion of the majority because we believe it is correct, and we accept is because we want to be right too’.

Answer 8

Informational social influence

Question 9

What is the key term to match this definition: ‘We agree with opinion of a group because we want to be accepted, gain social approval and be liked’.

Answer 9

Normative social influence

Question 10

Who conducted the study based on teenagers smoking? And what type of influence was this showing?

Answer 10

Linkenbach and Perkins (2003)

Normative social influence

Question 11

Who conducted the study to show that normative influence could be used to help the environment?

Answer 11

Schitz (2008)

Question 12

What conducted the study about social stereotypes? And what type of social influence did this support?

Answer 12

Wittenbrink and Henley (1996)

Informational social influence

Question 13

What was Nolan’s study about? (NSI may not be detected)

Answer 13

Individuals own perception on energy conservation and their neighbours

Question 14

When did Asch complete his study?

Answer 14

1956

Question 15

How many p’s did Asch have partake?

Answer 15

123

Question 16

Give 3 key features of Asch’s p’s?

Answer 16

Male, students, all from USA

Question 17

What did the P’s believe they were taking part in?

Answer 17

Vision test

Question 18

Who many confederates were in the room with 1 naive participant?

Answer 18

7-9

Question 19

Where did the naive participant sit?

Answer 19

Second from last

Question 20

How many trials were there all together and how many trials did the confederates give the incorect asnwer on?

Answer 20

18 and 12

Question 21

What were the trials called where the confederates all gave the incorrect answer?

Answer 21

Critical trials

Question 22

Fill in the missing percentage; Asch founf that real participants conformed to ____ of the critical trials?

Answer 22

32%

Question 23

What percentage of participants conformed in at least one of the critical trials?

Answer 23

74%

Question 24

What percentages of participants didnt conform at all?

Answer 24

26%

Question 25

Give Asch’s three variations?

Answer 25

Group size, unanimity, task difficulty

Question 26

Was the result effected in the variation of group size?

Answer 26

Hardly, only in 1 case conformity rose to 31.8% with three confederates

Question 27

Was the result effected when the participants had another person not going with the answer of the majority?

Answer 27

Yes, conformity was raised by a quater

Question 28

What the result effected when task difficulty was increased?

Answer 28

Yes, Conformity increased

Question 29

Why did conformity increase when the task got more difficult?

Answer 29

Becasue ISI plays a greater roles when a task is harder. The situation is more ambigious and therefore more likely to look to others for guidance.

Question 30

What did Perrin and Spencer do that supported the therot that Asch’s study was a ‘child of its time’?

Answer 30

They conducted a study that was the same as the original with engineering students. Out of the whole 396 trials only 1 student conformed.

Question 31

Why is it theorised that Perrin and Spencer got that result/

Answer 31

• Maybe becuase engineering students are more confident about measuring lines
• It is also possible that 1950’s America was a most conformist time and therefore social norms were strongly established.

Question 32

Why is Asch’s study being described as a ‘child of its time’ a limitation?

Answer 32

Because the ‘Asch effect’ was not consistant through all situations, and therefore isnt a fundamental feature of human behaviour

Question 33

Why is Asch’s study being a lab experiment a limitation to his research?

Answer 33

Participants were aware that they were taking take in somesort of experiment an therefore may have merely gone along with what they though they had to do (demand characteristics).

Question 34

What research supports the limitation that Asch’s research has weak applications to findings?

Answer 34

Sheridan and King’s- Women are more likely to conform
Bond and Smith- the USA is an individulistic culture, but studies carried out on collectivist cultures (like China) have found conformity rates to be higher.