Social policy 1886 - 1914 Flashcards
(36 cards)
1
Q
new voters in 1886
A
- 3 million new voters
- agricultural workers and poorly paid rural workers
- welfare issues high on their agenda
2
Q
when was the workers class dwelling act
A
1885
3
Q
when was the local government act
A
1888
4
Q
when was the shop hours act
A
1890
5
Q
when was the factory and workshop act
A
1891
6
Q
when was the public health (London) act
A
1891
7
Q
when was free elementary education
A
1892
8
Q
when was the public libraries act
A
1892
9
Q
when was the allotment and smallholdings act
A
1892
10
Q
when was the workman compensation act
A
1987
11
Q
when was the sale of foods and drugs act
A
1899
12
Q
when was Balfour education act
A
1902
13
Q
housing
A
- clearing of slums led to a reduction in cheap housing for the labouring class
- working class dwelling act 1885 gave local councils the opportunity to identity inhabitable dwellings and replace them with council built housing
- housing of the working class act 1890 provided provisions for councils to compulsory purchase land for housing
- led to less overcrowding and a running water and lavatory
14
Q
public health
A
- 1891 public health act allowed officials to take action to remove nuisance
- so most towns and cites had access to clean constant water supply
15
Q
working conditions
A
- few safety regulations and no compensation or industrial accidents
- wages were low
- Royal commission in labour 1892-1895 reported that 50% of the labouring class earned 15s a week whilst the survival rate was £1 and 5s
- largely ignored by Salisbury government
- factory and workshop act 1891 put an end to children under 11 working and set a maximum of 12 hours a day for women workers
- allotment and smallholding act 1887 attempted to set up agricultural workers with their own plot of land so they could make their own living
- achieved little as they did not give local authorities compulsory purchasing power
16
Q
education
A
- board of education established
- fees for board schools abolished in 1891 so elementary education free
- government grants given to universities for the first time
- public library act 1892 gave widespread free access to books
- Balfour education act 1902 established state responsibility for secondary schools
- 140 new local education authorities set up and were authorised to build secondary schools, but did not
- education (administrative provisions) Act 1907 required medical inspection of school children
17
Q
local government act 1888
A
- new county councils created
- given the power to levy rates, maintain roads and bridges and organise poor relief
- councils elected by ratepayers given the newly enfranchised an an opportunity to exercise their voting power
18
Q
local government act 1894
A
- liberal government
- organised counties into smaller more manageable units
- enabled small rural communicates to set up elected parish councils
- women eligible to vote for parish councils
19
Q
taxation reforms to 1906
A
- budget of 1902 introduced a duty of 1s on imported wheat to help cover the cost of the boar war
- 1903 chamberlain led a campaign for tariff reforms, failed
20
Q
the peoples budget 1909
A
- DLGs budget
- main aim was to raise funds to pay for liberal welfare reforms
- raise revenue by direct taxation and indirect taxation would unfairly affect the poor
- raised income tax form 5p to 6p for those earning over £3 thousand
- super tax on annual income over £5 thousand
- road fund licence and petrol duties as only the rich owned a car
- increased death duties
- 20% tax on profit made on sale of land
21
Q
welfare reforms 1886 - 1905
A
- poor law only public system of poor relief
- only 3% of the population were in receipt of poor relief despite 30% of them being in poverty
- workmen compensation act 1897 government took responsibility for paying compensation to an injured workman
22
Q
welfare reforms 1906 -1914
A
- liberal reforms
- children, old, sick, unemployed
- foundations of the modern welfare ate
23
Q
when was the trade dispute act
A
1906
24
Q
when was the children charter enacted
A
1908
25
when was the old age pension introduced
1908
26
when was the peoples budget
1909
27
when was the national insurance act for heath and unemployment
1911
28
reforms for children
- provisions of meals act 1906 allowed local authorities to levy a rate to pay for school meals for needy children
- many authorities failed to act until it became compulsory in 1914
- provisions of medical inspections in schools 1907 introduced to ensure children were healthy enough to benefit from schooling
- authorities ignored it until it was tightened up in 1912
- children charter 1908 brought together measures to protect and decriminalise children
- sale of cigarettes and alcohol banned to under 16s
29
reforms for elderly
- old age pension act 1908 provided non contributory pension of 5 shillings per week for those over 70 with an annual income under £21
- insufficient to raise the elderly above the poverty line
- however removed the stigma for applyingg for help under the poor law system
30
reforms to safeguard workers
-liberal reforms
- coal mine act 1908 limited the number of hours a miner could work a day
- Churchill trade board act 1909 fixed the minimum wage for the trades involved
- shop act 1911 gave assistants half a day holiday a week
- but did not control the maximum hours that could be worked
31
national insurance act 1911
- compulsory scheme
- health insurance for workers earning less than £160 per year
- workers contributed 4d, employers 3d and the state 2d
- sickness insurance at 10 shilling week for 13 weeks
- unemployment insurance
- 2.5d from employer 2.5d from employee and 3d from the state
- limited but still a major breakthrough
32
when was the workmen compensation act
1906
33
when was the coal mines act
1908
34
when was the trade board act
1909
35
when was the shop act
1911
36
when was the national insurance act
1911
