Social Psychology Flashcards
(25 cards)
What is bystander apathy?
When we fail to help another person who is in need
Example: Kitty Genovese case in 1964
What is bystander intervention?
When we do help another person who is in need
What are personality factors?
Features of an individual (e.g. genes or personality traits) that influence a person’s behaviour
What are situational factors?
Features of a situation that influence behaviour
What personal factors increase the likelihood of bystander intervention?
- Competence
- Similarity
- High altruism
- High empathy
- Low egocentrism
- Internal locus of control
- Belief in a just world
- Feeling of social responsibility
What is the diffusion of responsibility?
The more people who are bystanding, the less likely someone is to intervene
What does Latane & Darley’s decision model suggest?
People are less likely to help if they do not define the situation as an emergency
What is Piliavin’s cost/benefit model?
We weigh up the pros and cons of helping before deciding whether to intervene
Define collectivist culture.
A culture that emphasizes group membership, interdependence, and cooperation
Define individualistic culture.
A culture that emphasizes independence, autonomy, and individuality
What is conformity?
Following what the majority of people are doing (majority influence)
What are the different types of conformity?
- Compliance
- Internalisation
- Identification
What is normative social influence?
Compliance because of the need to fit into a group
What is informational social influence?
Conformity because we do not know how to behave; others provide information
At what age does conformity peak?
14 years old
What situational factors affect conformity according to Asch?
- Group size
- Difficulty of task
- Unanimity of the group
- Decision making in private
What is deindividuation?
Loss of personal identity and responsibility often occurring in groups
What is mob mentality?
Decrease in personal responsibility resulting from the anonymity of being in a crowd
What is prosocial behaviour?
Behaviour that fits in with society’s norms and values
What is antisocial behaviour?
Behaviour that does not fit in with society’s norms and values
How can we reduce antisocial behaviour?
- Remind people of their responsibility
- Role models displaying prosocial behaviour
- Prevent wearing clothes associated with antisocial groups
What is the purpose of understanding conformity in schools?
To reduce peer pressure
What did Asch’s line study demonstrate?
About 75% of participants conformed at least once
What is the significance of Oskar Schindler in the context of conformity?
An example that not everyone conforms, suggesting personality factors may influence behaviour
