Social Psychology Ch 2. Flashcards
(23 cards)
Social Cognition:
The manner in which we interpret, analyze, remember, and use information about the social world.
Information overload:
demands of our cognitive system are greater than its capacity.
Conditions of uncertainty:
where the correct answer is difficult to know or would take a great deal of efforts to determine.
Heuristics:
Simple rules for making complex decisions or drawing inferences in a rapid and efficient manner.
Prototype:
a list of attributes commonly possessed by members of each of these occupations.
Representativeness heuristics:
made a judgement on how the individual resembles or match a given group the more likely they’re to belong to that cohort.
Availability Heuristics
Suggesting that the easier it is to bring information to mind, the greater impact n subsequent judgments or decisions.
Status quo heuristic
People desire and prefer the way things are.
Portion size effect
the tendency to eat more when a larger portion of food is received than a smaller portion.
Schemas
Organize social information, guide our actions and process information relevant to particular contexts. (mental frameworks)
Encoding:
refers to the processes we use to store notices information in memory. The information that becomes the focus of our attention is much more likely to be stored in long-term memory.
Priming:
temporarily increases in the accessibility of schemas, a recent experience activates a schema, which in turn, exerts an effect on our current thinking.
Perseverance effect:
remaining unchanged even in the face of contradictory information.
Evaluation reactions:
a basic social judgement relating to whether we like or dislike something.
Optimistic bias:
The bias that individuals believe they’re more likely than others to experience positive events and less likely to experience negative ones.
Overconfidence Bias:
Overconfident in their predictions.
Counterfactual thinking:
What might have been
Magical thinking:
thinking that makes assumptions that don’t hold up to rational scrutiny but that feel compelling nonetheless. *ones thoughts influence the world.
Terror management:
efforts to come to terms with the certainty of death and its unsettling implications.
Affective forecast:
Predictions about how we would feel about events we haven’t experienced.
Mood congruence effects:
Your current mood serves as a kind of filter, primarily permitting information that is consistent with your moods to be stored in long-term memory.
Mood-dependent memory:
reflects what specific information is retrieved from memory. When experiencing a particular mood, people are more likely to remember information they acquired in the past while in a different mood.
Interplay:
a strong relation between affect (emotion/feelings) and cognition.
