Social Psychology Ch 6. Flashcards
(23 cards)
Prejudice:
Negative emotional responses based on group membership.
Discrimination:
Differential negative behaviors directed toward members of different social groups.
Stereotyping:
Beliefs about social groups in terms of the traits or characteristics that they believed to share.
Risk verse:
We weigh possible losses more heavily than equivalent potential gains. As a result, we respond more negatively to changes that are framed as potential losses than positively to changes that are framed as potential gains.
Tokenism:
Tokenism can refer to hiring based on group membership. It can concern a numerically infrequent presence of members of a particular category, or it can refer to instances where individuals perform trivial positive actions for members of outgroups that are later used as an excuse for refusing more meaningful beneficial actions for members of these groups.
Shifting Standards:
When we use one group as the standard but shift to use another group as the comparison standard when judging members of a different group.
Objective scales:
Those with measurement units that are tied to external reality so that they mean the same thing regardless of category membership.
Subjective scales:
Response scales that are open to interpretation and lack an externally grounded referent including scales labeled from good to bad to or weak to strong.
Schemas:
In psychology and cognitive science, a schema describes a pattern of thought or behavior that organizes categories of information and the relationships among them.
Subtype:
Consisting of people who do not confirm the schema or stereotype.
Essences:
Typically some biologically based feature that is used to distinguish one group and another; frequently can serve as justification for the differential treatment of those groups.
Implicit associations:
Links between group membership and trait associations or evaluations that the perceived may be unaware of they can be activated automatically based on that group membership of a target.
Minimal groups:
they were falsely told that they belong to a social group that was created for a study.
Incidental feelings:
those caused by factors other than the outgroup.
threat:
It primarily concerns fear that our group interests will be undermined or out self-esteem is in jeopardy.
Recategorization:
Shifts in the boundaries between our ingroups and outgroup a result of recategorization.
zero-sum outcomes:
those that only one person or group can have. so, if one group gets them, the other group cant.
superordinate goals:
ones they both desired but neither group could achieve alone.
Social identity theory:
Suggests that individuals seek to feel positively about the groups to which they belong and part of our self-esteem is derived from our social group membership.
Identity fushion:
the extent to which a person sees the self and their group as overlapping.
Modern racism:
More subtle beliefs than blatant feelings of superiority. It consists primarily of thinking minorities are seeking and receiving more benefits than they deserve and a denial that discrimination affects their outcomes.
Bonafide pipeline:
A technique that uses priming to measure implicit racial attitudes.
Moral disengagement:
No longer seeing sanctioning as necessary for perpetuating harm that has been legitimized.
