Social Stratification

Question 1

social stratification

Answer 1

the system by which society ranks categories of people into a hierarchy

Question 2

functionalism

Answer 2

• social stratification is necessary and results from the need for those whith special intelligence, knowledge, and skills to be a part of the most important professions and occupations
• harmonious equilibrium

Question 3

ascribed status

Answer 3

involuntary, derives from clearly identifiable characteristics such as age and gender

Question 4

achieved status

Answer 4

acquired through direct, individual efforts

Question 5

anomie

Answer 5

lack of social norms, or the breakdown of social bonds between individuals and society

Question 6

strain theory

Answer 6

focuses on how anomic conditions can lead to deviance, and in turn reinforce social stratification

Question 7

social capital

Answer 7

• benefits provided by social networks
• investment people make in their society in return for rewards

Question 8

meritocracy

Answer 8

advancement up the social ladder is based on intellectual talent and achievement

Question 9

social mobility

Answer 9

allows one to acquire higher-level employment opportunities by achieving required credentials and experience

Question 10

absolute poverty

Answer 10

when one can’t acquire basic life necessities

Question 11

relative poverty

Answer 11

when one is poor in comparision to larger population

Question 12

relative deprivation theory

Answer 12

• people seek to acquire something that others posses and which they believe they should have too
• they are not necessarily poor, but they may percieve that they are lacking resources or money
• it is all relative

Question 13

social reproduction

Answer 13

the passing on of social inequality, especially poverty, from one generation to the next

Question 14

social exclusion

Answer 14

a sense of powerlessness when individuals feel alienated from society

Question 15

spatial inequality

Answer 15

social stratification across territories

Question 16

incidence

Answer 16

the # of new cases of a disease per population at risk

Question 17

prevalence

Answer 17

the # of cases of a disease per population

Question 18

mortality

Answer 18

deaths caused by a given disease

Question 19

morbidity

Answer 19

the burden or degree of illness associated with a given disease

Question 20

medicare

Answer 20

covers people greater than 65 years old, those with end stage renal disease and those with ALS

Question 21

medicaid

Answer 21

covers patients in significant financial need

Question 22

intragenerational mobility

Answer 22

change in social status over a single lifetime

Question 23

vertical mobility

Answer 23

movement of individuals or groups up or down from one socioeconomic level to another, often by changing jobs or through marriage

Question 24

horizontal mobility

Answer 24

the movement from one position to another within the same social level