Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

finals <3 > social studies > Flashcards

social studies Flashcards

(85 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

what is a stock?

A

a share in the ownership of a company

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

corporation:

A

a business structure where the company is legally separate from its owners (share holders)

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

a situation where one company, person, or entity has complete control over a product, service, or market.

A

monopoly

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

assembly line:

A

an arrangement of workers and machines in a factory, where each worker deals with only one part of product.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

trust

A

a legal arrangement where multiple companies in the same industry combined their resources and power to control a market or industry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q

industrialization:

A

the process form shifting from rural economy to a econmy based on manufacturing and industry

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q

Sherman anti - trust act

A

a us law to prevent monopolies or engaging in practices that restrain trade, like price fixing or bid rigging

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

why is competition so beneficial for consumers?

A

it improves quality, lead to lower prices and greater consumer choice.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

laissez faire

A

businesses in competition with one another, should be free to determine their own paths free of government rules or regulation

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q

what problems can be caused by laissez-faire?

A

unsafe working conditions, large wealth gaps, and lack of consumer protection

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

social Darwinism

A

a pseudoscience theory that applied Charles Darwin’s theory of evolution by natural selection to human society

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

how did industrialists use social Darwinism?

A

to justify the existing social and economic inequalites

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q
  1. encourages creativity
  2. promotes efficiency
  3. increases job satisfaction
  4. can lead faster to decisions making
  5. greater freedom for businesses
A

positives factors of laissez - faire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

income inequalities and wealth gaps
risk of instablitiy and economic downturns
failure to adress social needs
potential for monopolies

A

negative of laissez - faire

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

explain urbanization

A

the process of migrating form rural areas to urban settings

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

how did industrialists embraced the theory of social Darwinism to make the most money?

A

robber barons embraced social darwinism to justify their wealth accumulation and business practices.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

the first efficient and inexpensive method for mass production steel from molten pig iron

A

the Bessemer process

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

who published “ how the other half lives” and why?

A

jacob riis, and he wanted to show the lives of the poor community of new york and tenement living.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

captain of industry

A

a business leader, particularly during the late 19th and 20th century, who had a positive force for economic growth

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q
A
How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

What is a robber baron?

A

A robber baron is a powerful industrialist who amassed great wealth through exploitative business practices and monopolies and trusts.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q

What are push factors in migration?

A

Push factors include poverty, lack of jobs, and discrimination.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q

What are pull factors in migration?

A

Pull factors include employment opportunities, higher incomes, and better living conditions.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

What is nativism?

A

Nativism is a policy that favors the interests of native-born or established residents over those of immigrants.

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
What was the Chinese Exclusion Act?
The Chinese Exclusion Act prohibited all Chinese laborers from entering the country for a period of 10 years.
25
What is a progressive?
A progressive is someone who believes in and advocates for social and political reform.
26
What issues did progressives seek to address?
Progressives sought to fix problems like rapid industrialization, urbanization, and improving working conditions. They also aimed to reduce corruption and address social inequalities.
27
What is the American Federation of Labor?
The American Federation of Labor, led by Samuel Gompers, is the biggest labor union.
28
Why were labor unions formed?
Labor unions were formed to improve the lives of workers by advocating for better wages, safer working conditions, and reduced hours.
29
What methods did labor unions use to seek better conditions?
Labor unions organized boycotts, strikes, political lobbying, and collective bargaining.
30
What did Roosevelt want to regulate?
Roosevelt wanted to regulate big businesses to ensure they did not exploit workers or consumers.
31
What was Roosevelt's belief regarding monopolies?
He believed in breaking up monopolies.
32
What laws did Roosevelt push for to protect the public?
Roosevelt pushed for laws to protect the public from unsafe food and medicine, including the Meat Inspection Act and the Pure Food and Drug Act.
33
What was Roosevelt's stance on natural resources?
Roosevelt was a strong supporter of natural resources and national parks.
34
What did the Monroe Doctrine state?
If Europeans attempted to interfere in the Western Hemisphere, the US would view it as an act of war.
35
What is the Roosevelt Corollary?
The US has the right to intervene in Latin American nations as an extension of the Monroe Doctrine.
36
37
What is militarism?
Militarism is when a country strongly emphasizes its military.
38
What is an alliance?
An alliance is a formal agreement between two or more countries to support each other.
39
What is imperialism?
Imperialism is when a country extends its power and control over other countries or territories, often through force or economic dominance, to gain resources, markets, or political influence.
40
What is nationalism?
Nationalism is a strong feeling of loyalty and pride in your country.
41
What is foreign policy?
Foreign policy refers to the strategies, goals, and actions the U.S. government uses to interact with other nations and international organizations.
42
What is isolationism?
Isolationism is a policy of avoiding involvement in foreign affairs, international agreements, and political entanglements with other nations.
43
What does neutrality mean?
Neutrality is a policy or stance where a country refrains from actively participating in or supporting any side in a conflict between other groups or nations.
44
What were the Central Powers?
A coalition of nations, primarily Germany and Austria-Hungary, that fought against the Allied Powers in WWI.
45
Who were the Allied Powers?
The nations that formed alliances to fight against the Central Powers in WWI, including Great Britain, France, and the Russian Empire.
46
What is the Treaty of Versailles?
A peace agreement that officially ended World War I, signed on June 28, 1919.
47
What are Wilson's 14 Points?
A set of principles outlining President Woodrow Wilson's vision for a lasting peace after World War I.
48
What is the League of Nations?
An intergovernmental organization established in 1920 to prevent future wars by resolving international disputes.
49
What were the main terms of the Treaty of Versailles?
1. Territorial losses 2. Military restrictions 3. Acceptance of war guilt
50
What effect did the assembly line have on goods?
The assembly line increased the supply of goods due to demand.
51
What were the harsh terms imposed by the Treaty of Versailles?
The Treaty of Versailles imposed harsh terms on Germany.
52
What was Germany's stance on the Treaty of Versailles?
Germany was not allowed to contribute to the treaty, seeing it as a 'dictat'.
53
What was a major problem of the League of Nations?
The major problem of the League of Nations was the inability to effectively enforce its decisions due to lack of its own military and reliance on the great powers.
54
What is appeasement?
Appeasement is giving something or someone what they want to prevent conflict or aggression.
55
Who is associated with the policy of appeasement?
Neville Chamberlain is always associated with appeasement.
56
Did appeasement prevent World War II?
No, appeasement did not work because it did not prevent World War II.
57
How did appeasement contribute to World War II?
Appeasement led to the outbreak of World War II by allowing Nazi Germany to expand its territory and military power unchecked.
58
What role did the Treaty of Versailles play in Germany's instability?
The Treaty of Versailles contributed to creating a deeply resentful and unstable Germany.
59
What is one main cause of the Great Depression?
Overproduction of goods, creating a surplus that businesses could not sell, leading to price declines, business closures, and widespread unemployment.
60
What is buying on a margin?
A practice where investors borrowed money from brokers to purchase stocks, contributing to a dangerous bubble in the stock market.
61
What is installment buying?
A method where people bought goods on credit but, without jobs, could not afford to pay for them.
62
What factors lead to the Great Depression?
STOCK MARKET CRASH
63
What was Hoover's trickle-down system intended to do?
It was intended to give loans to businesses, which would create new jobs, new investments, and more wages. ## Footnote However, it did not work because businesses used the money for themselves.
64
What was the New Deal?
A series of programs, reliefs, and reforms by FDR to help aid people who didn't have jobs and children.
65
What criticism did some people have about the New Deal?
Some felt that the New Deal expanded government power too much and went too far toward socialism.
66
Why did the Japanese attack Pearl Harbor?
They saw it as a necessary step to secure their imperial ambitions in the Pacific and Southeast Asia, specifically to neutralize the Pacific fleet.
67
What was D-Day?
It opened a new front in Europe and began the liberation of Western Europe, leading to the defeat of Nazi Germany.
68
What is Blitzkrieg?
A military tactic used in World War II characterized by overwhelming and coordinated military attacks.
69
What is Island Hopping?
Sapping over heavily fortified islands to seize lightly defended locations that could support the next advance.
70
What event stopped the German advance into the Soviet Union?
The Battle of Stalingrad.
71
What factors slowed the German advance during World War II?
Winter conditions, logistic issues, and the tenacity of Soviet resistance.
72
What is the purpose of the United Nations?
To maintain international peace and security, develop friendly relations among nations, promote international cooperation in solving problems, and harmonize the actions of nations.
73
When was the United Nations formed and why?
The UN was formed after World War II with the goal of preventing future conflicts and promoting global cooperation.
74
What was the League of Nations?
An organization established after World War I aimed at preventing wars but lacked the power and support needed to effectively carry out its mission.
75
What were the Nuremberg Trials?
Establishing international legal precedents, particularly in determining crimes against peace, war crimes, and crimes against humanity, and for holding individuals accountable for crimes.
76
What was the aim of containment during the Cold War?
To prevent the spread of communism, primarily by countering Soviet expansionist tendencies.
77
What was the Warsaw Pact?
A military alliance to counter NATO, maintaining Soviet Union influence and control over Eastern Europe.
78
What is NATO?
A military alliance of 32 countries from Europe and North America, primarily focused on collective defense.
79
What does the Iron Curtain symbolize?
A symbolic and literal barrier that separated Western Europe from Eastern Europe and the Soviet Union after World War II.
80
What was the Berlin Blockade?
A major event in the Cold War where the Soviet Union blocked all land and water traffic to West Berlin.
81
What was the Berlin Airlift?
Airlifting food and fuel to Berlin from Allied airbases in Western Germany.
82
What is the Truman Doctrine?
A policy aimed at containing the spread of communism during the Cold War.
83
What was the Marshall Plan?
An American initiative to aid Western Europe by providing economic support after World War II.
84
What was the main goal of the Truman Doctrine and Marshall Plan?
To contain the spread of communism in Europe during World War II.

finals <3 (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions