Social Studies Final Review 4 Flashcards
(31 cards)
The movement of people from rural areas to cities, often for jobs and better living conditions.
Urbanization
Small, crowded apartments near factories, often with poor conditions such as little light, no heat, and no indoor plumbing.
Tenements
City areas where immigrants from the same country lived together, often overcrowded and poor.
Ethnic Neighborhoods
Photographer and journalist who documented the harsh living conditions of the urban poor in tenements.
Jacob Riis
Founder of Hull House, a settlement house in Chicago that provided support to poor and immigrant families.
Jane Addams
A community center in a poor neighborhood that offered services such as education, childcare, and job training.
Settlement House
Catholic nun who helped establish over 70 hospitals to serve the poor and immigrant populations.
Mother Cabrini
A Protestant movement that applied Christian ethics to social problems like poverty and inequality.
Social Gospel
Laws that improved safety in city buildings, such as requiring fire escapes.
Building Codes
Public transportation systems like trolley cars that helped people move around cities efficiently.
Mass Transit
One of the first modern skyscrapers, built in New York City in 1902.
Flatiron Building
Sensational news reporting focused on crime, scandals, and gossip to attract readers (e.g., NY Journal).
Yellow Journalism
Newspaper publisher of the New York World, known for comic strips and lowering prices to attract readers.
Joseph Pulitzer
Variety entertainment shows featuring comedy, music, and acrobatics, popular in urban areas.
Vaudeville
The first official immigrant receiving center in New York from 1820 to 1890 before Ellis Island.
Castle Garden (Castle Clinton)
The cheapest, most crowded section on immigrant ships below deck, often without windows, where many travelers faced disease and poor conditions.
Steerage
The main immigration processing center in New York Harbor (1892-1954) for mostly European immigrants, where medical inspections and registrations took place
Ellis Island
The West Coast immigration processing center, primarily for Asian immigrants.
Angel Island
Conditions that drive people to leave their home country, such as scarce land, job loss, political/religious persecution, or revolution.
Push Factors
Attractions or opportunities that draw immigrants to a new country, such as freedom, jobs, and family already settled there
Pull Factors:
The process by which immigrants adopt the customs and culture of the host country to fit in.
Assimilation
The belief that American culture is a blend of many different cultures mixed together.
Melting Pot Theory
People who wanted to limit immigration, especially targeting non-White Anglo-Saxon Protestants, fearing job competition and cultural change.
Nativists
