socialisation, culture, identity studies Flashcards

Question

Ethnic identity and hybridity - Jacobson (1997)…

Answer 1

Pakistanis adopt a strong Islamic identity as response to social exclusion from British society. Embracing Islamic identity through diet, dress etc gives them a strong connection to their faith and acts as resistance to marginalisation and racism.

Answer 2

Tradition, religion and family values played an important role in the upbringing of second generation Asians in the UK. Asian children are likely to be socialised into the extended family with emphasis placed on duty, loyalty and religious commitment.

Answer 3

There are generational differences over identity. Found that second generation African-Caribbean and Asian background felt more British than their parents while still having their ethnic background playing a large part in their identity.

Answer 4

A nation is an ‘imagine community’ as most members never meet so this identity is socially constructed through symbols like flags. A national language is created by printing developments that have lead to the mass circulation of newspapers and books etc.

Answer 5

The world is in the middle of a global identity crisis where the old divides that we defined ourselves by have broken down. To develop a more confident identity we must embrace diversity and focus on our common humanity.

Answer 6

Countries may have 3 different reactions to globalisation… - **Cultural homogenisation** - may accept a global and all countries will become more similar - **Cultural hybridity** - may take in some parts of global culture alongside traditional culture, creating a new but individual culture - **Cultural resistance** - resist global culture and fiercely protect cultural heritage

Answer 7

Unlike Scottish, Irish and Welsh people, English people struggle to say who they are and English identity is elusive. Has created **missionary nationalism** where interests of unity has repressed ordinary expressions of nationalism.

Answer 8

Childhood was only created from the 16th century onwards as children were separated from the adult world

Answer 9

Childhood emerged when the spread of literacy allowed adults to shield children from aspects of adult life like sexuality and death. However the rise of media is causing childhood to disappear as it destroys children’s innocence.

Answer 10

The storm and stress that is associated with youth is culturally specific and not found in all cultures.

Answer 11

Middle age has higher status as these people are running the country and hold power at work. Middle age is also seen as a negative time as youth is lost and old age comes closer i.e. mid life crisis.

Answer 12

Old people view themselves negatively which is reflected in the media and popular culture. Old people feel like a burden through stereotypes of ill health and dependency.

Answer 13

Although the media can be a source of negative stereotypes on age, it also allows for positive images of aging to emerge, blurring the boundaries of life course theory.

Answer 14

Sexual identification is a complex part identity as there are people who participate in same sex sexual activities but don’t identify themselves as gay and vice versa.

Answer 15

Women’s sexuality is oppressed through patriarchy in marriage, sexual abuse and the objectification of women. **Compulsory heterosexuality** where women are socialised into a subordinate role that ensures their availability to men. Heterosexuality is forced upon women as the lesbian identity has been written out of existence as it serves as a threat to male dominance.

Answer 16

The role of a homosexual male involves certain expectations and cultural characteristics such as an attention to appearance. Once a man has accepted the label ‘homosexual’ he will start to fulfil these expectations, showing that a label creates behaviour.

Answer 17

Sees homosexuality as a process and a **homosexual career** where a male who has accepted the label will seek out others and join a subculture where stereotypical homosexual characteristics become the norm.

socialisation, culture, identity studies Flashcards

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