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CDSW Program > Sociology 1 Review > Flashcards

Sociology 1 Review Flashcards

1
Q

What do microstructures involve?

A

Face to face relations like families or friendships

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2
Q

What are mesostructures?

A

They encompass patterns in organizations where interaction is less personal such as colleges or bureaucracies

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3
Q

What are macrostructures?

A

Overarching social patterns (e.g: patriarchy)

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4
Q

What are global structures?

A

The structures that involve economic relations between countries

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5
Q

What was the Black Death?

A

A plague that killed one third of Europe in 1346

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6
Q

Where did the Black Death originate from?

A

Asia

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7
Q

What is the definition of health according to the World Health Organization?

A

The state of complete physical, mental and social well being and not merely the absence of disease or infirmity

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8
Q

What is a life expectancy?

A

The number of years in which a person can expect to live

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9
Q

What is the worlds highest life expectancy?

A

In Japan at 85 years with projections of 92 by 2050

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10
Q

What is socialized medicine (healthcare system in Canada)?

A

Involves government controlled financing and organization of health services, direct payments to providers and equal access guarantees

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11
Q

What are the concerns around Canada’s heathcare system?

A

Wait times at emergency rooms stretching into days rather than hours, surgeries and other necessary procedures being delayed and finding a family doctor keeps getting more difficult

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12
Q

What is the primary focus of the field research in sociology?

A

Observing people in their natural social settings

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13
Q

What is structural-functionalism?

A

The sociological theory which emphasizes the functions and interdependence of social structures to maintain stability and order in society

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14
Q

What does symbolic interactionism focus on?

A

Interpreting symbols and face to face interactions

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15
Q

What is happening with young Canadians today?

A

They are devoting less time to school associated extracurricular activities compared to past generations

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16
Q

What is a drawback of experiments as a sociological research method?

A

The difficulty of generalizing the finding to other settings

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17
Q

What is a key theme in the relation to the potential outcomes of globalization and post-industrialism?

A

The unintended consequences and potential downsides

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18
Q

What are environmental threats from consumerism a challenge to?

A

The newfound freedom associated with industrialism and globalization

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19
Q

How were Canadians viewed up until the 1960s?

A

In the conventional view that we were stodgy, peaceful, and deferential to authority

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20
Q

What is Rationalization?

A

The application of efficient means to achieve goals and it’s unintended negative consequences

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21
Q

Who coined the term Rationalization?

A

Max Weber

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22
Q

What are the downsides of wireless technologies in the context of Rationalization?

A

Decreased focus and increased anxiety

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23
Q

What is one significant consequence of the rationalization process in the production of goods and services in the context if consumerism?

A

Increased efficiency and abundance

24
Q

What is a social network?

A

A set of individuals, organizations, or countries linked by the exchange of resources

25
Q

What characterizes a primary group in sociology?

A

String emotional ties, long lasting interactions and familiarity among members

26
Q

What does Weber state as more efficient when compared to traditional and charismatic organizations?

A

Bureaucracies

27
Q

What is bystander apathy?

A

The act of observing someone in an emergency situation and not offering help

28
Q

How is a network structure distinguished from traditional bureaucratic structure in organizations?

A

Fewer levels of authority, decentralized decision making and multiple lines of communication

29
Q

What does the term “moral panic” mean?

A

Widespread fear that crime poses a grave threat to society’s well being

30
Q

How do media outlets benefit from moral panic?

A

By attracting larger audiences through sensationalized crime stories

31
Q

How do the crime prevention and punishment industries benefit from moral panic?

A

By providing security-related products and services

32
Q

What is the primary goal of politicians who exploit moral panic?

A

To use crime to advance their political agendas

33
Q

What is moral panic in the context of the incarceration rate and crime rate?

A

The phenomenon observed when the incarceration rate increases despite a decrease in crime rates

34
Q

What is social mobility?

A

The movement of individuals up and down the social hierarchy over time

35
Q

What does the intergenerational income mobility index show?

A

That a higher value indicates lesser mobility with children’s income closely tied to that of their parents

36
Q

What does the modernization theory suggest in reference to global inequality?

A

That transferring western culture and capital to poor societies will reduce inequality

37
Q

What is the major flaw in the modernization theory according to the dependency theory?

A

That it blames the victim rather than the perpetrator of global inequality

38
Q

What distinguishes semi-peripheral countries from peripheral counties in the context of global inequality?

A

The presence of a strong industrial infrastructure and strategic geopolitical importance

39
Q

What is the definition of a nuclear family?

A

A family structure with two married parents and their biological or adopted children

40
Q

What are traditional gender roles?

A

A decision in labour in the traditional nuclear family where the husband is the primary breadwinner and the wife is the primary caregiver and homemaker

41
Q

What is a single parent family?

A

A family where one parent is the primary caregiver and financial provider

42
Q

What contributes to the gender pay gap in the context of family dynamics?

A

Increased stress and inequality

43
Q

What are mixed race families?

A

Families where members have different racial backgrounds

44
Q

What is educational inequality?

A

Disparities in access to quality education and educational outcomes among different social groups

45
Q

What is educational inequality influenced by?

A

Socioeconomic status, race, ethnicity or gender

46
Q

What is Symbolic Interactionism in the context of education?

A

The sociological perspective that focuses on how individuals through interactions and symboled create and give meaning to their social world

47
Q

What is the Corporatization of the University?

A

The transformation of universities based on a business model, often involving increased reliance on market forces, higher tuition fees, and responsiveness to the demands of the job market

48
Q

What is holistic medicine?

A

It emphasizes balancing mind, body and environment

49
Q

What is Facebook?

A

A social media platform that boasts 2.74 billion monthly active users

50
Q

What is network individualism?

A

The downside of excessive individualism resulting from excessive use of social media

51
Q

What is the potential downside of using social media for communication?

A

The distractions and and interruptions during traditional social activities

52
Q

What is globalization a factor contributing to?

A

The increased flexibility of self identity

53
Q

What is happening due to declining adult guidance?

A

Young Canadians are spending more time alone after school

54
Q

What has happened from 2001 to 2016?

A

The percentage of young Canadian adults living with parents has increased

55
Q

How are millennials often characterized in popular culture as?

A

Spoiled and entitled

56
Q

What economic challenges do many millennials face?

A

High student loans and housing affordability

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