Sociology Chapter 4

Question 1

Nature vs. Nurture

Answer 1

Nature - Influence of heredity

Nurture - Influence of environment

Question 2

The study of the interplay between biology and sociology in understanding human behavior.

Answer 2

Sociobiology

Question 3

A dominant pattern of attitudes, feelings, and behaviors

Answer 3

Personality

Question 4

(Sociologist)
The personality/ self is composed of three elements;
ID
Ego
Superego

Answer 4

Sigmund Freud

Question 5

(Sociologist)
“Personality is shaped by social processes.”

I, Me, Self

Answer 5

George Mead

Question 6

The process in which we learn and internalize attitudes, values, beliefs, and norms of our culture and develop a sense of self.

Answer 6

Socialization

Question 7

Important source of socialization, especially during adolescence

Answer 7

Peers

Question 8

Much of behavior is learned from modeling others

Answer 8

Social Learning

Question 9

______ surrounds the issues of which one has the greatest influence on human/personality development.

Answer 9

Debate

Question 10

Learning designed to prepare an individual for the fulfillment of future statuses and roles

Answer 10

Anticipatory Socialization

Question 11

3 Stages important in learning roles;

Answer 11

Imitative Stage
Play Stage
Game Stage

Question 12

The self that emerges in a particular situation

Answer 12

Situated Self

Question 13

Freud’s three elements of personality;

Answer 13

ID
Ego
Superego

Question 14

Sociologist with theory of “Looking-Glass Self”

Answer 14

Charles Cooley

Question 15

Individuals base their conceptions of themselves on what is reflected back to them during social interaction.

Answer 15

Looking-Glass Self

Question 16

Stages in Learning roles

Answer 16

Imitative Stage
Play Stage
Game Stage

Question 17

Piaget’s stages of cognitive development;

Answer 17

Sensorimotor
Preoperational
Concrete
Formal

Question 18

Development of the ability to anticipate what others expect of us and acting accordingly.

Answer 18

Role-Taking

Question 19

The dominant attitudes and expectations of most members of society

Answer 19

Generalized Others

Question 20

Sociologist who invented theory of adult socialization.

Answer 20

Erick Erikson

Question 21

Developmental Stages in adult life;

Answer 21

Role Conflict (20-40)
Generativity vs. Stagnation (40-60)
Integrity vs. Despair (60+)

Question 22

Socialization is essential for the overall proper functioning of society

Answer 22

Functionalism