Sociology Final Exam 2 (ch.3) Flashcards
(25 cards)
what is the debate about relative importance of biological traits vs life experiences in shaping who we are?
nature vs nurture
What are examples of absence of nurture?
feral children, twin studies
what is socialization?
process by which people learn cultural practices of their social group ( learn values, norms, social status, etc.)
What is the Cooley looking glass self theory?
sense of self develops from interactions with others, we spend so much time looking in the mirror bc we want to know how we look to others
What are 3 elements of the looking glass self theory?
1) imagine how we appear to others
2) interpret others’ reactions to us
3) we develop self-concept
What is the first stage of Mead’s stages of self?
preparatory stage when children imitate people around them by using symbols, and role playing
what is the second stage of mead’s stages of self?
the play stage where the role of other occurs or learning what its like to be in someone else’s shoes , develop self awareness
What is the third stage of Mead’s stages of self
at age 8 or 9, children takes part in organized play, they have to learn rules and equality principles
what is the dramaturgical approach?
when people resemble stage performers
what is impression management?
altering the presentation of self to satisfy particular audiences
what are rites of passage?
means of dramatizing and validating changes in a person’s social status( birth rituals, graduation, retirement)
process of socialization in which a person rehearses for future social relationships
anticipatory socialization
what is resocialization?
letting go of former behaviors to accept new ones into your life (ex.ex convicts, elderly people retiring)
what is a social status?
socially defined positions within a society or social group, reference for roles
what is an ascribed status?
status that is assigned or inherited
what is an achieved status?
status that is acquired by some effort or activity
what is a master status?
status that cuts across or overshadows others in a status set
What are social roles?
behavioral expectations of people who occupy a status
what is role conflict?
when two or more statuses held in common create incompatible expectations
what is role strain?
when the same status imposes conflicting expectations
what is role exit?
ending of a role, happens when a status changes
what is the primary agent of socialization?
family, schools, peer groups
How are children socialized within the family?
socialization begins shortly after birth
How are children socialized in schools?
schools teach children values and norms of larger society
