Sociology Final exam (ch.5) Flashcards
(20 cards)
What is the primary group?
small group characterized by interpersonal interaction, powerful force in socialization process
What is a secondary group?
larger, more complex and anonymous formal group
what are secondary groups usually based on?
common interest or activity( work, school, religion),members often occupy formal positions
what are in-groups?
groups toward one feels belonging or loyalty
what are out-groups?
groups toward one does not feel belonging
what is a reference group?
group that is used as a standard for evaluating social behavior
what is groupthink?
process by which an alternative view is dismissed by the majority
What is an example of groupthink?
solomon asch’s experiment in which members of a group conformed even though they knew the answer wasn’t right
what is social capital?
resources available to people through their social networks
what can networks provide?
access and obstacles to resources
what is bonding social capital?
strong relationships between people of a similar background
what is bridging social capital?
creating new relationships beyond your social circle
what is strength of weak ties?
creating relationships with powerful people to leverage their power
what is a secondary group designed for a special purpose or objective with formalized positions or procedures?
formal organizations( army, LSU, postal service
What is the rationalization of society?
process in which society has become more concerned with efficiency or predictability
what is the dominant form of formal organization in modern society?
bureaucracy
What is bureaucracy characterized by?
1)hierarchy of authority
2)division of labor and duties
3) written rules and regulations
4)employment based on qualifications and credentials
4)employees do not own resources that they regulate
what is the iron cage of bureaucracy?
theory that bureaucracy puts us into an iron cage that we cannot escape from, little room for individual thought
what is the iron law of oligarchy?
thought that all organizations no matter how democratic they start will end up being ruled by only a few
what is the mcdonaldization of society?
societal organizations are dominated by efficiency, calculability, and predictability
