soiree

Question 1

melody

Answer 1

moorish lament = melody 1
deliberately 1st D clashes with C# habanera
- conjunct, descending, plaintative, song-like, melismatic

SATIE GNOSSIENE NO 1
- arabic sounding melodies + scales
- hypnotic quality- emphasised by modality
dorian, aeolian, melodic, harmonic but #4- satie scale
—> french composers e.g. debsussy
- influenced by other cultures- derived from gnossos + ritual dances

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Arabic feel - augmented 2nd
MANUEL DE LOS SANTOS PASTOR- CANTE JONDO
- moorish qualities
- semitone + augmented 2nd intervals

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flamenco and guitar rhythm- phrygian mode
– ornamentation, guitar strumming

ALBENIZ SUITE ESPAGNOLA NO1
- lh - guitar plucking, rh - guitar at start

BEETHOVEN PATHETIQUE
- balanced, periodic phrasing
-develops and expands melodies in set structure
- La soiree = SECTIONALISED
- melodies = based on moorish influences and spanish flamenco
- uses augmented 2nd and modal scales
- idea of periodic phrasing = abandoned
—> importance is placed on painting a picture through harmonic and tonal variation
contrasts Romanticism vs Impressionism

Question 2

rhythm

Answer 2

habanera rhythm permeates much of piece
- frequent changes in tempo
BIZET CARMEN
- opera known for habanera
- french opera- influenced by spanish culture
- habanera = definitive feature of spanish influence
- debussy = drawing on common spanish influenes- authentic

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contrasts between freer rhythmic sections ‘ temo rubato’ and ‘retenu’ tempo guisto’ and ‘tres rhythme’

• moorish lament sounds like free time- triplets, cross rhythms, syncopation
  – painting a picture of different scenes- impressionist
  DEBUSSY SUNKEN CATHEDRAL
• contrasts between different sections using changes of tempo markings
  – may allude to unpredictable nature of ocean waves

Question 3

tonality

Answer 3

• tonal centres rather than clear keys
• mainly c sharp minor, f sharp minor
• whole tone scale further clouds tonality

PRELUDE LAPRES MIDI
tritone, chromaticism, parallel chords
- impressionism, symbolism

Question 4

sonority

Answer 4

full pitch range of piano = used
tone + dynamics = liberally used
- sustain pedal supports lointain markings - importance of tone + touch
- PAGODES
- both use pianos capabilities …

ALBENIZ SUITE NO 1 ESPAGNOLE

DEBUSSY SUNKEN CATHEDRAL
- creates polarizing textures e.g. quiet, monophonic (habanera) to RH and cascading LH
-pedal notes- blur harmony - underwater. contrasts arabic feel