SOL science prep 7th grade unit 4

Question 1

cell grow, does everyday functions, make more DNA phase

Answer 1

Interphase

Question 2

Cell Division Phase

Answer 2

M phase

Question 3

Cutting cells into individual cells

Answer 3

Cytokinesis

Question 4

sex cells only
going from one cell to four genetically different cells
starting with 46 chromosomes to 23 chromocomes

Answer 4

Meiosis

Question 5

what are the phases of meiosis in order?

Answer 5

Prophase I
Metaphase I
Anaphase I
Telophase I
Prophase II
Metaphase II
Anaphase II
Telophase II
(PMAT)

Question 6

what phase is this?

Answer 6

Prophase II

Question 7

what phase is this?

Answer 7

Meta phase II

Question 8

what phase is this?

Answer 8

Anaphase II

Question 9

what phase is this?

Answer 9

Telophase II and cytokinesis

Question 10

what phase is this?

Answer 10

Prophase I

Question 11

what phase is this?

Answer 11

Metaphase I

Question 12

what phase is this?

Answer 12

Anaphase I

Question 13

what phase is this?

Answer 13

Telophase I and cytokinesis

Question 14

happens in prophase I
two chromosomes mix DNA

Answer 14

crossing over

Question 15

happens in Metaphase II
chromosomes line up in middle however they want (randomly)

Answer 15

independent assortment

Question 16

what does Meiosis make?

Answer 16

sperm and egg/’ Gametes

Question 17

how many chromosomes do sperm and egg have?

Answer 17

23

Question 18

what has to happen before Meiosis?

Answer 18

Interphase

Question 19

what does homologous Chromosomes mean?

Answer 19

same size, same genes

Question 20

body cells
46 chromosomes to 46 chromosomes
one division
same DNA
2 final cells

Answer 20

Mitosis

Question 21

sex cells
46 chromosomes to 23 chromosomes
two divisions
genetically different cells
four final cells
crossing over
independent assortment

Answer 21

Meiosis

Question 22

a phtotmicrograph of chromosomes arranged according to a standard classification

Answer 22

Karyotype

Question 23

how are chromosomes numbered in karyotypes?

Answer 23

according to size

Question 24

XX

Answer 24

female

Question 25

XY

Answer 25

male

Question 26

mistake when chromosomes are separating too many or too few

Answer 26

nondisjunction

Question 27

in a DNA base pair for doubleed helix what letters are paired together?

Answer 27

A and T G and C

Question 28

taking one body cell and turning it into two body that are exactly the same

Answer 28

Mitosis

Question 29

DNA condenses and becomes chromosomes nucleus disappears spindle fibers appear

Answer 29

prophase

Question 30

chromosomes line up in the middle spindle fibers attach to the middle of chromosomes ready for departure

Answer 30

metaphase

Question 31

chromosomes break and get pulled away by the spindle fibers equal amount of DNA move to either side of cell

Answer 31

Anaphase

Question 32

equal chromosomes/DNA on each side the cell splits into two Nucleus reforms in each cell the "cutting" phase pinching off

Answer 32

Telophase/cytokinesis

Question 33

put these in order cytokinesis, interphase, mitosis

Answer 33

Interphase Mitosis Cytokinesis

Question 34

what is the animal equation for cellular resperation

Answer 34

Glucose + Oxygen (arrow) Carbon dioxide + water + energy

Question 35

where does cellular resperation take place?

Answer 35

Mitochondria

Question 36

cells don't have enough cellular resperation so they still go through cellular resperation but instead of producing water and carbon dioxide it produces lactic what called?

Answer 36

anaerobic resperation

Question 37

where does photosynthesis occur?

Answer 37

Chloroplast

Question 38

green pigment in the chloroplast that reacts with the sun

Answer 38

Chlorophyll

Question 39

what is the equation for photosynthesis?

Answer 39

carbon dioxide + water (arrow) glucose + oxygen

Question 40

parts that make up cells and allow the cell to stay alive and function

Answer 40

organelle

Question 41

what are the three cell theorys?

Answer 41

all living things have cells cells are the basic unit of life all cells come from preexisting cells

Question 42

allows some molecules in and keeps others out

Answer 42

semi-permeable (cell membrane)

Question 43

what is the cell membrane made of?

Answer 43

Phospholipid Bilayer

Question 44

which end of the Phospholipid Bilayer loves water and which one hates it?

Answer 44

Head= loves water Tail= hates it

Question 45

Passive Transport

Answer 45

No energy High to low concentration

Question 46

Active Transport

Answer 46

Energy required low to high concentration against deffusion

Question 47

Facilitated diffusion

Answer 47

Passive deffusion with help of protein

Question 48

Diffusion of water across a cell membrane from high to low concentration

Answer 48

Osmosis

Question 49

The home of DNA brain of cell all instructions come from here

Answer 49

Nucleus

Question 50

Who discovered DNA?

Answer 50

James Watson & Francis Crick (they actually stole this from Rosalind Franklin but sense history is sexist this is what you need to know for the test)

Question 51

who came up with base pairs?

Answer 51

Chargaff

Question 52

movement of molecules from high to low concentration

Answer 52

diffusion

Question 53

what is allowed in and out easy in the cell membrane?

Answer 53

oxygen carbon dioxide water

Question 54

solute

Answer 54

what gets dissolved

Question 55

solvent

Answer 55

what does the dissolving

Question 56

what is the universal solvent?

Answer 56

water

Question 57

solution

Answer 57

mixtuer of colvent and solute

Question 58

diffusion of water across a semipermeable membrane (cell membrane)

Answer 58

osmosis

Question 59

there is more solute on the inside of the cell, water moves into cell causing the cell to burst

Answer 59

Hypotonic

Question 60

More solute on the outside of the cell than inside, water moves to the outside of the cell causing cell to dry out

Answer 60

Hypertonic

Question 61

equal anounts of water on inside and outside homeostasis water still moves in and out equaly

Answer 61

Isotonic

Question 62

educated guess to what is going to happen or what might be the answer to a problem

Answer 62

Hypothesis

Question 63

something that has been proven time and time again

Answer 63

Law

Question 64

Well tested hypothesis, gives an explanation to things occurring in the natural world

Answer 64

Theory

Question 65

membrane bound organelles larger in size mitosis larger ribosomes

Answer 65

Eukaryotic

Question 66

no membrane bound organelles smaller in size binary fission smaller ribosomes

Answer 66

prokaryotic

Question 67

1665 observed cells in cork coined the term "cells"

Answer 67

Robert Hooke

Question 68

1673 Observed pond water created a powerful microscope

Answer 68

Antom van Leewenhoek

Question 69

1827-33 noticed that pollen gains in watrrer jiggled around discovered nucleus

Answer 69

Robert Brown

Question 70

1838 a botanist who concluded that all plants are made of cells

Answer 70

Matthias Schleiden

Question 71

1839 a zoologist who concluded that all animals are made up of cells

Answer 71

Theodor Schann

Question 72

1855 a physicaian who did research on cancer cells and concluded: "Ominis cellula e cellula" "all cells are from other pre-existing cells"

Answer 72

Rudolf Virchow