Solar Energy And Earths Climate System Flashcards
(10 cards)
What is the primary source of energy for Earth’s climate system?
The Sun. It provides incoming solar radiation (insolation), which drives weather, ocean currents, and climate patterns.
What type of energy does the Sun emit?
Electromagnetic radiation, primarily as visible light, UV, and infrared radiation.
What determines the amount of solar radiation received at a location?
Latitude, time of day, season (due to tilt), and cloud cover.
What is insolation?
Incoming solar radiation—the energy Earth receives from the Sun per unit area.
Why is insolation uneven across Earth?
Due to Earth’s curvature and tilt, equatorial regions receive more direct sunlight than polar regions.
What is the net radiation budget?
The balance between incoming solar energy and outgoing terrestrial (infrared) energy.
What happens if more energy enters than exits the atmosphere?
The Earth warms (positive net radiation balance).
What is albedo?
The reflectivity of a surface. High albedo reflects more radiation (e.g., ice), low albedo absorbs more (e.g., ocean).
How does albedo affect the climate system?
Surfaces with low albedo (dark) absorb heat, warming the Earth; high albedo (light) surfaces cool Earth.
How do clouds affect Earth’s radiation budget?
Clouds can both reflect incoming solar radiation (cooling) and trap outgoing infrared (warming).
