Somatic and Obsessive Disorders - Chapter 6 Content Flashcards
(37 cards)
What are the 5 basic somatic symptoms and related disorders?
Somatic symptom disorder, illness anxiety disorder, psychological affecting medical condition, conversion disorder, and factitious disorder.
What are some of the criteria for somatic symptom disorder in the DSM-5?
A. one or more somatic symptoms that are distressing or result in significant disruption of daily life.
B. excessive thoughts, feelings and behaviours related to somatic symptoms or associated health concerns.
C. The state of being symptomatic is persistent
What are the criteria for illness anxiety disorder?
A. Preoccupation with having or acquiring a serious illness
B. Somatic symptoms are not present or mild in intensity.
C. high level of anxiety about health
D. performs excessive health-related behaviours
E. illness preoccupations have been present for at least 6 months
F. not better explained by another disorder
What are the causes of somatic symptoms and illness anxiety disorder?
These disorders are all due to cognition or perception with strong emotional contributions. Most likely found in bio or psychological factors
What are the 3 factors that may contribute to the etiological process for these disorders?
- They could develop in the context of a stressful life event
- may have a disproportionate incidence of disease in their family when they were children
- important social and interpersonal influence
Describe the psychological factors affecting medical condition?
Where psychological characteristics affect a diagnosed medical condition such as asthma being exacerbated by anxiety.
Define conversion disorders.
Physical malfunctions such as blindness suggest neurological impairment with no organic pathology to account for it.
- affecting sensory-motor system
- experiences physical symptoms but not realizing they are psych based
What is the criteria for conversion disorder in the DSM-5?
A. one or more symptoms of altered voluntary motor or sensory function
B. Clinical findings provide evidence of incompatibility between the symptoms and recognized neurological or medical conditions
C. the symptoms or deficit is not better explained by another medical or mental disorder
D. causes clinically significant distress
Define malingering.
Deliberately faking a physical or psychological disorder motivated by gain. usually have the same quality of indifference to symptoms and are often precipitated by marked stress.
What is factitious disorders?
Nonexistent disorders are deliberately fake for no apparent gain except possibly sympathy and attention.
What are the 4 basic processes in the development of conversion disorder?
- individual experiences a traumatic event
- conflict and the resulting anxiety
- anxiety continues to increase and threatens to emerge into consciousness
- individual receives greatly increased attention and sympathy from loved ones
Define OCD
Anxiety involves unwanted, persistent, intrusive thoughts and impulses as well as repetitive actions intended to suppress them.
Define obsessions and compulsions.
Obsessions are intrusive and mostly nonsensical thoughts, images, or urges. It must consist of recurrent and persistent thoughts and how the individual attempts to ignore or suppress such thoughts. Compulsions are repetitive behaviours that are aimed to prevent or reduce distress or prevent some dreadful events or situations.
What is the criteria for OCD from the DSM-5?
A. presence of obsessions, or compulsions or both.
B. consumes more than 1 hours per day to relieve
C. not from any other medical condition
D. not explained by a better mental disorder
a person must have insight into their psychological disorder
What are the 4 types of OCD?
- Symmetry/exactness
- forbidden thoughts or actions
- Cleaning/contamination
- hoarding
What are some treatments for OCD?
The most effective one is meds with the reuptake of serotonin such as SSRI’s and ERP which is exposure and ritual prevention with gradual exposure. Medical treatment (clomipramine and SSRI’s), Psych (CBT+ Exposre&Response Prevention, mindfulness)
Define body dysmorphic disorder (BDD).
Somatoform disorder featuring a disruptive preoccupation with some imagined defect in appearance. Focusing on imaging defects in their body, preoccupations focuses on minimal or non-existent flaws. Treatment are SSRI’s, CBT, surgical interventions
Define hoarding disorder.
People who have problems with this problem have the excessive acquisition of things, difficulty discarding anything and live with excessive clutter under conditions best characterized as gross disorganization.
Define trichotillomania and excoriation
People have the urge to pull their own hair from anywhere on their bodies and skin-picking disorder and treatment is habit reverse training.
What is the difference between the DSM-IV and DSM-V in relation to how they categorized somatic disorders?
DSM-IV: Had hypochondriasis for pain disorders
DSM-V: no longer have a pain disorder, they replaced it with somatic symptom and illness anxiety disorder.
What are some symptoms of health anxiety?
Worry about health, noticing aches and pains, increased awareness of bodily sensations/changes, fear of self-being ill, negative view of future if develop illness, believing that illness is highly likely
What do most people do when they are being assessed for health anxiety?
- mostly occurs by process of elimination
- people go to physicians first
- medical tests are done first
- psychological factors are considered if no explanation for symptoms
- psychological diagnosis does not mean there isn’t a medical condition, but that the anxiety around it is disproportionate
Define somatic symptom disorder.
- Experiencing physical symptoms
- the constant feeling of weakness, ill or pain
- Fears with co-existing health conditions need to be disproportionate
What is the criteria for Somatic symptom disorder?
- one or more symptoms that distressing daily life
- persistent thoughts about seriousness OR high levels of anxiety about health OR excessive time devoted to health concerns
