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D1 Neuro > Somatosensory Pathways > Flashcards

Somatosensory Pathways Flashcards

Dr. Mokha's content

1
Q

Spinal nerve root C6-C8

A

hand and fingers

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2
Q

Spinal nerve root T4

A

Nipples

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3
Q

Spinal nerve root T10

A

Umbilicus

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4
Q

Merkel cell

A

sensation

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5
Q

Anterior 2/3 of the tongue is innervated by which nerve?

A

Trigeminal provides pain, temperature and touch

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6
Q

Does the Trigeminal nerve provide motor or sensory innervation?

A

It provides both

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7
Q

Which branch of the Trigeminal nerve has a motor component?

A

The mandibular nerve it provides motor to the muscles of mastication

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8
Q

Where does the trigeminal nerve enter the brain?

A

In the level of the mid pons

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9
Q

Which nerve supplies the TMJ

A

the auriculotemporal joint (posteriorly)

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10
Q

Meissner cells

A

flutter

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11
Q

Two point discrimination

A

ability of the brain to discriminate between two closely spaced touch stimuli as two separate stimuli

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12
Q

Greater the receptor density in a body region, _________ is the distance between two stimuli that the brain can perceive as two separate stimuli.

A

smaller

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13
Q

What receptor type allows us to have proprioception?

A

Muscle fibers axon type Ia and II

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14
Q

Pacinian cells

A

vibration

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15
Q

Axon type of cells providing touch sensory

A

A-beta

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16
Q

What receptor type allows use to feel pain and temperature?

A

Free nerve endings of axon A-delta

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17
Q

Dorsal column-medial lemniscal system (DCML)

A

Allows us to feel touch and propioception.

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18
Q

Anterolateral system (ALS)

A

Allows us to feel pain and temperature from the neck down.

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19
Q

Trigeminothalmic tract

A

Allows us to feel pain, temperature, touch, propiception from the face, sinus, oral cavity etc.

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20
Q

Steps of the DCML

A
  1. mechanoreceptors (spinal cord) from the upper body synapse at the cuneate nucleus (medulla)
  2. lower body mechanoreceptors (spinal cord) synapse at the gracilis nucleus (medulla)
  3. upper and lower fibers merge to form the medial lemniscus any lesions here or higher will manifest in contralateral issues with touch and propioception
  4. Medial lemniscus travels through mid pons, mid brain
  5. 2nd order neurons synapse in the VENTRAL POSTERIOR LATERAL NUCLEUS in the somatosensory region of the post central gyrus
21
Q

What fibers synapse in the ventral posterior LATERAL nucleus (thalamus)

A

fibers from the neck, trunk and extremities

22
Q

What fibers synapse in the ventral posterior MEDIAL nucleus (thalamus)

A

fibers from the head

23
Q

Where does crossing over happen in the DCML pathway

A

In the medulla

24
Q

Cuneate nucleus (medulla)

A

Where fiber from upper extremities synapse (above T6)

25
Q

Cuneate gracilis (medulla)

A

Where fiber from lower extremities synapse (below T6)

26
Q

Where do 3rd order neurons synapse in the DCML pathway?

A

In the somatosensory cortex of the post central gyrus

27
Q

Where do the 2nd order neurons synapse in the DCML and AML pathways?

A

In the ventral posterior lateral nucleus of the thalamus

28
Q

Proprioception fibers follow the same pathway as the DCML pathway except?

A

Propiocetion fibers below L2 travel to the gracilis nucleus

Propioception fibers from L2-T1 (upper extremities) travel to the CLARK NUCLEUS

Form the spinocerebellar tract

29
Q

Clark nucleus

A

Where propioception fibers from L2-T1 (upper) synapse

30
Q

Dorsal spinocerebellar tract

A

Where crossing over happens in propioception fibers

31
Q

Morphosynthesis

A

recognition of objects by touching them

32
Q

Graphesthesia

A

recognition of numbers or letters traced on skin

33
Q

Anterolateral System (ALS)

A

fibers for pain and and temperature

34
Q

Where does crossing over happen in the ALS

A

in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord at the anterior white commissure

35
Q

Where does crossing over happen in the DCML pathway?

A

in the medulla

36
Q

Where does 3rd order neuron synapse in the ALS

A

Primary somatic sensory cortex

37
Q

Where does all sensory information leave the thalamus?

A

through the thalamo-cortical projections in the internal capsule (posterior limb)

38
Q

Brown Sequard Syndrome

A

damage to one side of the spinal cord

DCML damage on the same side

ALS damage on opposite side

Corticospinal tract damage on the same side unable to move limbs
Babinski signs

39
Q

Corticospinal tract

A

motor fibers coming from the PRIMARY MOTOR CORTEX OF THE PRECENTRAL GYRUS the muscles

40
Q

Where does crossing over occur in the corticospinal tract

A

In the medulla

41
Q

In the cortical tract damage below what will show ipsilateral damage?

A

damage after the pons will show on the same side.

Anything above the pons (medulla, cortex, midbrain) will show on opposing side

42
Q

How to test damage of the cortical spinal tract

A

with the babinski sign
if toes flex down (normal)
if toes fan up (damage to the corticospinal tract)

43
Q

Main sensory nuclei in the pons

A

Pontine trigeminal nucleus for sensory and touch

44
Q

mesencephalic nucleus

A

propioception

45
Q

nucleus of the the spinal tract

A

pain and temperature

46
Q

Touch pathway of the face

A

mechanoreceptors go through the trigeminal ganglion

synpase and crossover in the pons

47
Q

Pain fibers in the face

A

enter through the pons

travel down in the the spinal trigeminal tract

synapse in the spinal nucleus (medulla)

cross over at the trigeminothalmic tract

48
Q

Vertebral artery give rise to what?

A

Anterior Spinal artery &
Posterior Inferior Cerebellar artery

49
Q

Wallenberg syndrome

A

Stroke that damages PICA
damage of the trigeminal nucleus

Pain and temperature loss ipsilateral of face

contralateral rest of the body

D1 Neuro (5 decks)

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