Sounds in Communication - IPA/Speech and Heating Science Flashcards
How Intensity is Measured
Decibels
How Frequency is Measured
Hertz
Frequency Range for Speaking (Men and Women)
Male - 85 to 155 Hz
Female - 165 to 255 Hz
Frequency Range for Hearing
20 - 20,000 Hz
IPA
International Phonetic Alphabet
Difference Between a Letter and a Phoneme
26 letters, 44 phonemes
Phoneme is the smallest unit of sound that makes a difference in meaning
Options for Place/Basic Terms (Articulation)
Where breath stream is constricted
Identified by names of articulators involved
Options for Manner/Basic Terms (Articulation)
How air stream is modified by vocal tract to produce sound
Stops/Plosives, fricatives, affricatives, nasals, glides, liquids
Options for Voicing (Articulation)
Vocal folds vibrate to produce voice during production of the consonant
Cognates
What Creates Vowels
Speech sounds produced without obstruction of the breath stream by articulators
Classified by: tongue height, tongue advancement, lip position, tense/lax
What are Suprasegmentals
Aspects of speech that extend beyond individual vowels and consonants
Two Main Types of Prosody
Linguistic - conveys linguistic distinctions
Emotional - conveys affective states
What is an Allophone
Smallest unit of sound
Different pronunciation, same meaning
What is a Diphthong
Vowel blend
Resulting phoneme is perceived as one sound
What is a Monophthong
A vowel with a single perceived auditory quality
