Space and Place

Question 1

Lefebvre (1974)

Answer 1

Developed the ‘production of space’ framework: space is socially produced and shaped by power. Introduced triad of perceived, conceived, and lived space.

Question 2

Harvey (1989)

Answer 2

Argued that space is structured by capitalist processes. Developed the concept of ‘time-space compression’ to describe how globalisation alters spatial experience.

Question 3

Massey (1994)

Answer 3

Redefined space as relational, open, and constructed through interaction. Challenged static and bounded notions of place.

Question 4

Tuan (1974)

Answer 4

Coined the term ‘topophilia’ to describe emotional bonds between people and place. Emphasised human experience and meaning in geography.

Question 5

Cresswell (2004)

Answer 5

Explored how place is constructed through practice, meaning, and representation. Argued space becomes place through lived experience.

Question 6

Gregory (1994)

Answer 6

Critiqued absolute notions of space and traced how space is politically constituted through colonial and imperial practices.

Question 7

Bauman (1998)

Answer 7

Described a ‘kinetic elite’ in a globalised world—mobility is unequally distributed and space is stratified.

Question 8

Soja (1996)

Answer 8

Promoted ‘thirdspace’—an integrated view of space that includes physical, mental, and lived dimensions.

Question 9

Massey (2005)

Answer 9

Introduced the concept of a ‘global sense of place’—places are shaped by and connected to global flows.

Question 10

Crang (1998)

Answer 10

Showed how everyday life and performance shape understandings of space and place in cultural geography.