Sparkling wine Flashcards
1
Q
How many AOP for crémant wines in France?
A
7: Crémant d’Alsace, Crémant de Loire, Crémant de Bourgogne, Crémant du Jura, Crémant de Die, Crémant de Limoux, Crémant de Savoie, Crémant de Bordeaux
2
Q
What’s the yield limite for Crémant in France?
A
100L from 150kg or 2666L from 4000kg
3
Q
Which are the grape varieties for Crémant de Bourgogne? Mini pressure?
A
1) Blanc and Rosé
Encepagement: Chardonnay, Pinot Blanc, Aligote, Melon de Bourgogne, Sacy, Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Gamay
Assemblage: min. 30% combined Chardonnay, Pinot Gris, Pinot Blanc, and Pinot Noir
Max. 20% Gamay
2) Mini. 4 atmospheres
4
Q
Which are the grape varieties for Crémant de Loire? Mini pressure?
A
1) Blanc and Rosé
Encepagement: Chenin Blanc, Chardonnay, Orbois(white), Cab F, Grolleau, Grolleau Gris, Pinot Noir, Cab S, Pineau d’Aunis
Assemblage: Max. 30% combined Cab S and Pineau d’Aunis
2) 4 atmospheres
5
Q
Which Cremant of France has (higher) 4 atmospheres?
A
Cremant de Loire, Cremant de Bourgogne, Cremant d’Alsace
6
Q
Which are the grape varieties for Crémant de Limoux? Mini pressure?
A
1) Blanc and Rosé
Encepagement: max. 90% combined Chardonnay (min 50%) and Chenin Blanc (10-40%); plus max. 20% combined Mauzac and Pinot Noir (max 15%)
2) Min. 3.5 atmospheres
7
Q
Which are the grape varieties for Crémant du Jura? Mini pressure? RS? Department?
A
1) Blanc and Rosé
2) Encepagement: Pinot Gris, Pinot Noir, Poulsard, Trousseau, Chardonnay, Savagnin
Blanc Assemblage: min. 70% combined Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, and/or Trousseau
Rosé Assemblage: min. 50% combined Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Trousseau, and/or Poulsard
3) 3.5 atmospheres
7
Q
Which are the grape varieties for Crémant de Die? Mini pressure? RS? Department?
A
1) Blanc only
2) Encepagement: min. 55% Clairette, min. 10% Aligote, 5-10% Muscat Blanc a Petites Grains
3) 3.5 atmospheres
4) Max. 15g/l
5) Drôme
8
Q
Which are the grape varieties for Crémant de Savoie? Mini pressure? RS? Department?
A
1) Blanc only
2) Principal varieties: Jacquère, Altesse, Aligote, Chardonnay, Mondeuse Blanche, Gamay, Mondeuse, Pinot Noir (for Haute-Savoie only)
Assemblage: min. 40% Jacquère; additional 20% must be Jacquère, Altesse; max. 20% combined red varieties
3) 3.5 atmospheres
8
Q
Which are the grape varieties for Crémant d’Alsace? Mini pressure? RS? Department?
A
1) Blanc and Rosé
2) Blanc: Riesling, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Noir, Pinot Gris, Auxerrois, and/or Chardonnay
Rose: 100% Pinot Noir
3) 4 atmospheres
4) Haut Rhine et Bas Rhine
9
Q
Which AOC’s of Cremant produce only Blanc?
A
Cremant de Savoie, Cremant de Die
10
Q
Which are the grape varieties for Vouvray mousseaux? Producing method?
A
Blanc only: min. 95% Chenin Blanc plus a max. 5% Orbois
Traditional method
11
Q
Which Sparkling AOC made from 100% Chenin Blanc?
A
Montlouis-sur-Loire
11
Q
Which are the grape varieties for Montlouis-sur-Loire mousseaux ? What’s the requirement for dosage? Method?
A
100% Chenin Blanc
No dosage is permitted
Traditional method
12
Q
What’s the winemaking method for Blanquette de Limoux?
A
Traditional method
12
Q
Which are the grape varieties for Saumur mousseaux ? Method?
A
1) Blanc/Rosé permitted grapes: Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc, Chardonnay, Cab F, Sauvignon, Gamay, Pinot Noir, Pineau d’Aunis, Grolleau, Grolleau Gris
Assemblage blanc: min. 60% Chenin Blanc, max. 10% Sauvignon Blanc
Assemblage rose: min. 60% Cab F, max. 10% Sauvignon Blanc
2) Traditional method
13
Q
Which are the grape varieties for Seyssel mousseaux ? Method? Region?
A
Blanc only: Molette, Altesse, Chasselas
Assemblage: min. 75% Molette and min. 10% Altesse
Traditional Method
In Savoie
14
Q
What are the grape varieties for Limoux Méthode Ancestrale and Blanquette de Limoux? Min. Alcohol content? Min pressure?
A
Limoux Méthode Ancestrale: 100% Mauzac; 10%abv; min. 3 atmospheres
Blanquette de Limoux: min. 90% Mauzac + Chardonnay and Chenin Blanc; 9.5% abv; min. 3.5 atmospheres
15
Q
Which are the grape varieties for Crémant de Bordeaux? Mini pressure?
A
1) Blanc: Cab F, Cab S, Merlot, Cot, Petit Verdot, Carmenere, Muscadelle, Semillon, Sauvignon Blanc, Sauvignon Gris所有红白波尔多品种
Rosé: Cab F, Cab S, Merlot, Cot, PV, Carmenère 所有波尔多红品种
2) 3.5 atmospheres
16
Q
Apart from Crémant, name 6 AOPs that produce traditional method sparkling wines in France? Which produce both blanc and rose?
A
Vouvray, Montlouis-sur-Loire, Saumur, Seyssel in Savoie, Blanquette de Limoux
Saumur Mousseux, Gaillac Mousseux,
Bugey Vin Mousseux Blanc and Rose: traditional method
Bugey Montagnieu Vine Mousseux Blanc: traditional method
17
Q
What’s lightly sparkling wines called in France?
A
pétillant
18
Q
What does mousseux mean?
A
Fully sparkling wines
19
Q
Name DOCGs producing traditional method sparkling wines in Italy?
A
1) Franciacorta,
2) Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico
3) Asti/Asti DOCG Spumante “Metodo Classico” aged on lees 9months
4) Alta Langa DOCG (Mini 90% Pinot Nero and/or Chardonnay, Bianco or Rosato)
5) Gavi DOCG Bianco Spumante Metodo Classico Riserva
6) Erbaluce di Caluso DOCG (in Piemonte, Erbaluce grape)
20
Q
Which types of wine can be produced from Gavi DOCG? From which grape?
A
1) Bianco
Bianco Riserva
Bianco Frizzante
Bianco Spumante
Bianco Spumante Metodo Classico Riserva
100% Cortese.
21
Which denominations can produce sparkling wines in Piemonte?
Asti DOCG: four types (Asti, metodo classico, moscato d’asti, ventimmia tardiva)
Canelli DOCG: moscato d’asti only
Brachetto d’Acqui DOCG
Barbera del Monferrato DOC: Rosso Frizzante
Nebbiolo d’Alba: Spumante Rosso and Spumante Rosato
Roero DOCG: Arneis Spumante
Alta Langa DOCG: traditional method sparkling
Gavi DOCG (Frizzante, Spumante, Metodo Classico Riserva)
Colli Tortonesi DOC Cortese Frizzante/Cortese Spumante
Colli Tortonesi DOC Terre di Libarna Bianco Spumante (Timorasso)
Canavese DOC Bianco Spumante or Rosato Spumante
Erbaluce di Caluso DOCG Spumante (traditional method mini 15mths on lees)
22
Where is Erbaluce di Caluso? DOC or DOCG? Types of wine and grapes?
Northern Piemonte, DOCG;
White grape only 100% Erbaluce,
Produces: Bianco, Spumante (traditional method mini 15mths on lees), Passito and Passito Riserva.
23
What’s the method to produce Erbaluce di Caluso DOCG spumante? Ageing? RS?
Traditional method, mini 15months on lees.
No more than 12g/l, dry.
24
What’s the ageing requirements for Erbaluce di Caluso DOCG Passito and Riserva?
Passito: 36 mths
Passito Riserva: 48 mths
25
Which types of wine can be produced under Erbaluce di Caluso DOCG?
Still white dry, passito, sparkling
26
Which appellation is the first DOC for Piemonte’s white wine? When was it elevated to DOCG?
Erbaluce di Caluso DOC in 1967; DOCG in 2010.
27
Which river is on the north of Oltrepò Pavese?
Po River
27
Which is the largest viticultural area in Lombardia? How many DOCs and DOCGs are there is this area?
Oltrepò Pavese; 6 DOCs and 1 DOCG.
28
Where is Pavia province?
In southwest of Lombardia, between Piemonte and Emilia-Romagna.
29
Who firstly planted Pinot Nero in Oltrepò Pavese and made the area’s first traditional method sparkling Pinot Noir?
Count Giorgi di Vistarino伯爵
30
What’s the main grape variety for Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG? %? Where are these grapes grown?
Pinot Nero, mini 70%; Pinot Nero is typically planted at the higher altitudes in the hills.
31
Oltrepò Pavese is in which province?
Pavia, southwest of Lombardia
32
What’s Cruasé?
It’s a brand trademarked注册的商标by the Consorzio Tutela保护Vini Oltrepò Pavese that can be used by the association members for traditional method sparkling rosé with a mini of 85% Pinot Nero.
33
Which wine types can be produced in Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG? grape varieties? Alcohol content?
1) Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico
Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico Rosé
Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico Pinot Nero
Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico Pinot Nero Rosé
2) Metodo Classico/Classico Rose: mini 70% Pinot Nero + max 30% Chardonnay,Pinot Grigio and Pinot Bianco; 11.5% abv.
Metodo Classico Pinot Nero/Classico Pinot Nero Rose: mini 85% Pinot Nero + max 15% Chardonnay, Pinot Griogio and Pinot Bianco; 12% abv.
34
What’s the brand called which was trademarked by Consorzio Tutela Vini Oltrepo Pavese for traditional method rose sparkling wines with mini 85% Pinot Nero?
Cruasé
35
What are the ageing requirements for Oltrepò Pavese Metodo Classico DOCG?
NV: mini 15months on lees from Jan 1 of the year following the harvest
Millesimato: mini 24months on lees.
36
Which varital wine can be made Passito and Licoroso style in Oltrepò Pavese DOC?
Moscato
37
Name the five DOCs established in 2010 as independent denominations from Oltrepò Pavese?
Oltrepò Pavese Pinot Grigio DOC (min. 85%)
Oltrepò Pavese Pinot Nero DOC (min. 95%)
Oltrepò Pavese Croatina(Bonarda) DOC (min. 85%)
Oltrepò Pavese Buttafuoco/Buttafuoco dell'Oltrepò Pavese DOC: rosso/ rosso frizzante from Barbera, Croatina, Uva Rara.
Oltrepò Pavese Sangue di Giuda DOC: Dolce Rosso or Frizzante from Barbera, Croatina, Uva Rara.
38
What’s the wine style of Oltrepo Pavese Sangue di Giuda DOC?
Sweet wine: Rosso Dolce, Rosso Frizzante, or Spumante.
39
What’s the mini RS of Oltrepo Pavese Sangue di Giuda DOC?
Min. 80g/l
40
Name the Lambrusco designation in Lombardy?
Lambrusco Mantovano
40
What’s the synonym of Bonarda in Italy?
Croatina
41
Where is Lambrusco Mantovano? DOC or DOCG? Which type of wine is produced? Grapes?
Southeast corner of Lombardy (just over the border of Emilia-Romagna), DOC.
Sparkling red wines, from combined min. 85% Lambrusco Viadanese/ Lambrusco Maestri/ Lambrusco Marani/ Lambrusco Salamino.
42
Name the two subzones of Lambrusco Mantovano DOC?
Oltrepò Mantovano and Viadanese-Sabbionetano
42
What’s the synomym of Lambrusco Viadanese?
Lambrusco Mantovano (originate in the province of Mantova), or Grappello Ruberti.
43
Name the Spumante Denomination using Durella grape? Winemaking method? Ageing?
1) Lessini Durello DOC in Veneto;
2) Can be both tank method or traditional method, but if labeled Riserva has to be tradtional method.
3) Riserva: mini 36months on lees.
44
Which is the most common winemaking method for Prosecco?
Metodo Martinotti = Charmat method
45
Who made the earliest sparkling Prosecco wine? When was it?
Antonio Carpenè in 1873
46
Who established Italy’s first enology school? Where and when?
Antonio Carpenè in Conegliano, in 1876.
47
What are the RS levels for dosage of Prosecco DOC?
Brut Nature (no dosage),
Extra Brut (0-6 g/l),
Brut (max. 12 g/l),
Extra Dry (12-17 g/l),
Dry (17-32 g/l),
Demisec (32-50 g/l)
48
What are the grape varieties of Prosecco DOC?
Mini. 85% Glera,
Remaining 15% can be Verdiso, Bianchetta Trevigiana, Chardonnay, Perera, Glera Lunga,
Pinot Bianco, Pinot Grigio, and/or Pinot Nero.
49
Which New category of Prosecco was created in 2020 and helped Prosecco cement its domination it the world of sparkling wines占统治地位?
Rosé Prosecco
49
If a Prosecco labeled “sui lieviti” or “col fondo”, what’s the wine style?
It’s similar to a Pet-Nat, in which the lees remain in the bottle without riddling or disgorgement, producing a rustic, cloudy, more autolytic自溶style of Prosecco.
50
Prior to 2020, if a pink sparkling wines produced in Prosecco, which term can was labeled?
Vino Spumante, can not name Prosecco.
50
What’s the sweetness levels of Prosecco? What’s the most common RS categories?
From Brut Nature to demi-sec;
Most common: extra dry and dry.
51
What’s the Italian term for “on yeasts”? with the bottom?
Sui lieviti;
Col fondo
52
When was Rosé Prosecco created ? How is it made? What are the requirements?
1) In 2020;
2) Must be spumante and contain 10%-15% Pinot Nero, vinified as a red wine and added to the base of a minimum of 85% Glera.
3) All Rose Prosecco must be vintage-dated, sweetness levels can range from Brut Nature to Extra Dry.
53
Which denomination of Prosecco allows to make rosé Prosecco?
Only the basic Prosecco DOC
54
What’s the grape of Asolo Prosecco DOCG? Types?
Mini 85% Glera (Prosecco);
Bianco tranquillo, Bianco Frizzante, Spumante Bianco Superiore, Spumante Superiore Sui Lieviti.
54
Name the two official subzones of Prosecco DOC?
Trieste (eastern most), Treviso (central Prosecco)
55
What’s the grape of Conegliano Valdobbiadene DOCG? Types?
Mini 85% Glera;
Tranquillo, Frizzante, Spumante Superiore, Spumante Superiore Sui Lieviti,
Spumante Superiore +Rive, Superiore di Cartizze.
56
Name the two DOCGs of Prosecco in Treviso province?
Asolo Prosecco DOCG, Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG
57
Which is the most important denomination for quality Prosecco?
Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG
58
Where is Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG producing area?
It surrounds the towns of Valdobbiadene in the west + Conegliano in the east
59
Which river bounded Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG?
Piave River (southwest of the appellation)
60
Which is the second largest DOCG in Italy?
Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG (just behind Chianti DOCG)
61
What’s the terroirs and wine styles’ differences between Valdobbiadene and Conegliano?
*Valdobbiadene: western side, it’s cooler and steeper at higher altitudes, soils are marls and conglomerates泥灰岩和砾岩with excellent drainage;
wines are more floral and perfumed;
*Conegliano: eastern side, warmer and lower, soils are morainic冰碛or clay,
wines are fuller bodied and spicier.
62
How many “rive” are there within Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG?
43 rive
63
Which type of Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG can label a rive ?
Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG Supmante Superiore + rive
64
Can Sui Lieviti style be labeled rive?
NO
65
What’s a “Rive” in Conegliano Valdobbiadene?
It refers to hillside vineyards or riverbank slopes
66
What are the requirements for Rive designation?
1) Must be hand-harvested
2) Must be vintage-dated
3) Lower maximum yields of 13 tons/L (normal DOCG is 13.5tons/L)
4) Higher mini. Alcohol 11.5% abv (normal DOCG 10.5% abv)
5) On the slopes which are the steepest and most labor intensive (requiring 700 hours of work per hectare, normal is 120hours for flatter vineyard).
67
Name 5 most regarded Rive of Conegliano Valdobbiadene Prosecco DOCG?
Col San Martino, Colbertaldo di Vidor, Farra di Soligo, Ogliano, Pieve di Soligo, Soligo.
68
Which is the most exceptional site of Prosecco?
Cartizze
69
Name the 3 subzones of Cartizze?
Cartizze Alto: highest and steepest vineyard, at 230-320m 冷空气下沉 warmer than lower part, riper but with high acidity due to the diurnal shift昼夜变化.
Cartizze Est
Cartizze Ovest: 180-230m
69
What’s the terroir of Cartizze?
1) The slope is extremely steep, average gradation is 35% and the steepest areas is 60%.
2) Facing directly south
3) Harvest 2 weeks later to obtain the highest ripeness and sugar
70
Of all 2020 Conegliano Valdobbiadene DOCG, how many % was Superiore di Cartizze? And how many % for Rive?
1.4% for Superiore di Cartizze; 2.6% for Rive.
71
What are the sweetness levels of Cartizze?
Usually is dry, with 17-32g/l of RS per liter.
72
Which producer made the first Trentino traditional method sparkling wine? When?
Giulio Ferrari; in 1902.
72
Which producer has the largest share of Cartizze vineyards? Name 4 other key producers?
Bisol has the largest;
Adami, Col Vetoraz, Le Colture, Villa Sandi.
73
What are the maximum yields of normal Conegliano Valdobbiadene DOCG, Rive, and Superiore di Cartizze?
13.5 tons/ha; 13tons/ha; 12tons/ha
74
What are the mini. Alcohol content of normal Conegliano Valdobbiadene DOCG, Rive, and Superiore di Cartizze?
10.5%abv, 11.5% abv, 11.5% abv.
75
Which is Piemonte’s largest denomination for Sparkling wine in total production volume?
Asti DOCG
76
Which 4 DOCs in Emilia-Romagna allow for Lambrusco styles but without “Lambrusco” in the name?
From west to east:
Colli di Parma DOC,
Colli di Scandiano e di Canossa DOC,
Reggiano DOC,
Modena DOC
77
Which are the 3 DOCs with “Lambrusco” in the name from Emilia-Romagna? Which city are they near by? Which has the most challenging terroir and produces the finest Lambrusco? Which is the lightest?
Lambrusco di Sorbara (lightest in both color and flavor);
Lambrusco Grasparossa di Castelvetro (most challenging terroir, finest Lambrusco);
Lambrusco Salamino di Santa Croce (north of Modena province, midpoint between Sorbara and Grasparossa, Sweeter style);
City Modena.
77
Which colors are made for Lambrusco? Vintage?
Red or Rosato; Usually nonvintage.
78
Which methods are used to produce Lambrusco?
Both Charmat and ancestrale methods
79
Which sweet levels are there for Lambrusco?
Dry: secco/ asciutto
Off-dry: semi-secco/ abboccato
Gently sweet: amabile
Sweet: dolce
80
Which level is Alta Langa? DOC or DOCG? When was it elevated?
DOCG, in 2011.
81
Which are the producing provinces of Alta Langa DOCG?
Cuneo, Asti, Alessandria
81
Is there NV Alta Langa DOCG?
NO (must vintage dated)
82
Which are the grape varieties of Alta Langa DOCG? Winemaking method? Color?
Mini 90% Pinot Nero and/or Chardonnay;
Must be traditional method and vintage dated;
Bianco or Rosato
83
What are the dosage levels for Alta Langa DOCG?
From zero dosage to extra dry
84
Name the four types of wines are produced under Asti DOCG?
Asti/Asti Spumante
Asti/Asti Spumante "Metodo Classico"
Moscato d'Asti
Moscato d'Asti "Vendemmia Tardiva"
85
What’s the mini aging requirement for Alta Langa and Riserva?
Mini 30months for normal, 36months for Riserva level.
86
What’s the atmosphere of Asti Spumante and Moscato d’Asti? Alcohol content? Which is sweeter and RS? What kind of closer is used?
1) Asti Spumante: 4.5-5 atmospheres; Moscato d’Asti: 2.5 atmospheres;
2) Asti S: mini 6% abv; Moscato d’Asti: 4.5% - 6.5% abv;
3) Moscato d’Asti is sweeter, about 80g/l.
4) Asti is closed by muselet wire cage; Moscato d’Asti is closed by regular cork or Stelvin closure/screw cap.
87
Who is the first German to make sparkling wine? Where and which year?
Florenz-Ludwig Heidsieck, in 1785 in Champagne.
88
Name 3 largest German Sekt companies?
Henkell, Rotkäppchen小红帽, Söhnlein-Brillant
88
Where and when was the first sparkling wine made in Germany?
In Württemberg, in 1826
89
Which are the main grape varieties for making premium Sekt?
50% is Riesling
30% Pinot varieties, Pinot Blanc is important
20% aromatic varieties: Scheurebe and Gewurztraminer.
90
Who is the leader of quality sparkling movement?
Volker Raumland from Rheinhessen, who founded Germany’s first winery focusing only on Sparkling wines.
91
Which dosage level does most Sekt have?
Brut
92
Top producers of Sekt who make autolytic style Riesling Sekt with MLF and long ageing on lees
Raumland, and Matthieu Kaufmann of Reichsrat von Buhl
93
When was Austria’s PDO structure for Sekt announced?
In 2016
In 2016
93
Who is Matthieu Kaufmann?
Former cellar master at Bollinger
94
When was OTW established?
1992
95
When did Phylloxera arrive in Austria?
1872
96
What does hauersekt mean?
grower’s sparkling wine
96
Who made the first sparkling wine in Austria?
Robert Alwin Schlumberger
97
What’s the term for grower’s sparkling wine in Austria?
Hauersekt
98
Which is the first Austrian Sparkling wine brand? When was it established?
Goldeck, in 1859
98
Who is Robert Alwin Schlumberger?
Former Ruinart’s cellar master who came to Vienna and established the first Austrian sparkling wine brand Goldeck in 1840s.
99
Name the three Sekt Austria PDOs?
Sekt Austria g.U., Sekt Austria Reserve g.U., Sekt Austria Grosse Reserve g.U.
99
Where is Vöslau? What is it special?
A town just south of Vienna;
chalky white soils for sparkling wines
100
Which is the largest sparkling wine brand in Austria? Who is the owner?
Goldeck, owned by Schlumberger Wine and Sekt Company
101
When were Sekt Austria PDOs established?
2022
101
What does “g.U.” mean?
Österreichischer Sekt mit geschützter(protected) Ursprungsbezeichnung(designation of origin) (g.U.), which stands for “Austrian Sekt with Protected Designation of Origin” (PDO).
102
What’s the method for Sekt Austria PDO g.U.?
All methods
103
What’s the dosage level permitted for Sekt Austria PDO g.U.?
All dosage levels
104
What’s the aging requirements for Sekt Austria PDO g.U.?
9months on lees for traditional method, 6months for tank method
105
Where are the grapes sourced from for Sekt Austria PDO g.U. and Austrian Sekt?
Single state for Sekt Austria PDO, and all Austria for Austrian Sekt
106
Which are the differences between Sekt Austria Reserve PDO g.U. and Sekt Austria Grosse Reserve PDO g.U. required by law?
1) The source of grapes: from a single state for Reserve; from a single village for Grosse Reserve
2) Aging: 18months for Reserve, and 36months for Grosse Reserve
3) Max. Press Yield: 60% for Reserve, 50% for Grosse Reserve
107
Where are the grapes for making Sekt mainly from?
75% from Niederosterreich (Lower Austria), particularly the northern part of Weinviertel and Vienna.
107
Which requirements are the same for both Sekt Austria Reserva PDO g.U. and Sekt Austria Grosse Reserva PDO g.U.?
1) Both are hand harvested,
2) whole-cluster pressed,
3) traditional method,
4) with max. 12g/l of RS (dosage level only can be brut, extra brut and zero brut)
108
Which is the major production area of Austrian Sekt?
Vienna, over half of prodcution
109
Which two are the preferred varieties for Sparkling wine in Austria?
Grüner Veltliner and Welschriesling
109
Name 5 major producers of Austrian Sekt?
Hugl Weine, Weingut Steininger, Weingut Bründlmayer, Weingut Schloss Gobelsburg,
Weingut Stift Klosterneuburg.
110
How many % does Sparkling wine represent Austria’s production?
5%
111
What are the designations for dosages in Austria?
Brut Nature/ Brut Zero 0-3g/l
Extra Brut/ Extra Herb 0-6g/l
Brut/ Herb 0-12g/l
Extra Dry/ Extra Trocken 12-17g/l
Dry/ Trocken 17-32g/l
Medium Dry/ Demi-Sec/ Halbtrocken 32-50g/l
Sweet/ Mild >50g/l
112
What’s the dosage level for “Extra Herb” for Austrian Sparkling wines?
0-6g/l of RS
113
What’s the dosage level for “Mild” in Austrian Sparkling?
>50g/l of RS
114
What’s the dosage level for “Halbtrocken” for Austrian Sparkling wines?
32-50g/l of RS
114
What’s the dosage level for “Trocken” for Austrian Sparkling wines?
17-32g/l of RS
115
What’s the dosage level for “Extra Trocken” for Austrian Sparkling wines?
12-17g/l of RS
116
What’s the dosage level for “Herb” for Austrian Sparkling wines?
0-12g/l of RS
117
What’s German term for Brut?
Herb
118
What’s the term for sweet level of dosage in Austria?
Mild
119
Which part of Weinwiertel produce fine Sekt?
Northeast
120
Which two villages are producing fine Sekt in Weinviertel?
Poysdorf and Falkenstein
121
Where is White Cliffs?
In Dover, England
122
Name two sparkling wineries in Sussex?
Nyetimber, Ridgeview
123
Where are the quality sparkling wine regions in US?
Carneros, Anderson Valley, Willamette Valley, Washinton
124
Where did Roederer establish winery in US?
Anderson Valley in Mendocino
125
Where did Moet et Chandon establish winery in US?
Yountville
126
Where did Taittinger establish winery in US?
Carneros
127
Name one top producer of Cap Classique?
Graham Beck
128
What are the winemaking methods of Gaillac Mousseux and Gaillac Mousseux Méthode Gaillaçoise?
Gaillac Mousseux: traditional method
Gaillac Mousseux Methode Gaillacoise: Méthode Ancestrale
129
What are the grape varieties of Gaillac Mousseux and Gaillac Mousseux Méthode Ancestrale?
Gaillac Mousseux: Min. 50% combined Len de l'El(white grape), Mauzac, Mauzac Rosé, and Muscadelle
Gaillac Mousseux Methode Ancestrale: Mauzac and Mauzac Rosé
130
What are the colors of Gaillac Mousseux and Gaillac Mousseux Méthode Ancestrale?
Both are Blanc
131
What are the grape varieties of Gaillac Mousseux Methode Ancestrale?
Mauzac and Mauzac Rose
132
What are the grape varieites of Clairette de Die Methode Traditionelle and Clairette de Die Methode Dioise Ancestrale? What are the RS? Pressures?
Methode traditionelle: 100% Clairette; max. 15g/l; 3.5 atmospheres
Dioise Ancestrale: min. 35g/l; 3 atmospheres
Blanc: min. 75% Muscat à Petits Grains plus Clairette
Rosé: min. 75% Muscat à Petits Grains plus Clairette and Gamay (max. 10%)
133
What are the winemaking methods of these appellations? Bugey Vin Mousseux/Pétillant Blanc and Rosé; Bugey "Montagnieu" Vin Mousseux/Pétillant; Bugey "Cerdon"?
Bugey Vin Mousseux Blanc and Rose: traditional method
Bugey Montagnieu Vine Mousseux Blanc: traditional method
Bugey Cerdon: Methode Ancestrale
134
Which colors of Mousseux/Petillant are produced under Bugey Vin Mousseux?Which grape varieties? Aging on lees?
Blanc: Min. 70% combined Chardonnay, Molette, and Jacquère
Rosé: Min. 70% combined Gamay and Pinot Noir
9 months on lees
134
Which colors are produced under Bugey Montagnieu Vin Mousseux? Which grape varieties? Aging on lees?
Blanc: Min. 70% combined Mondeuse, Chardonnay, and Altesse
12months on lees min.
135
Which colors of Mousseux can be produced under Bugey Cerdon? What are the varieties ? winemaking method? Pressure?
Méthode Ancestrale
3 atmospheres
136
Name 3 AOPs that produce sparkling wines using Méthode Ancestrale?
Bugey Cerdon,
Clairette de Die Méthode Dioise Ancestrale,
Gaillac Mousseux Méthode Gaillaçoise
137
What’s Méthode Ancestrale?
A single fermentation begins in tank, then the wine is transferred to bottles before the fermentation is complete, yeasts continue to ferment the remaining sugar in the bottle gaving the wine sparkle.
Liqueur de lirage is unneccessary.
138
What’s another name of méthode rurale?
Méthode Ancestrale
139
What’s the other two names of Tank Method?
Charmat, Cuve Close
140
Explain Tank Method?
After the primary fermentation, liqueur de tirage is added to the wine, provoking a second fermentation in the pressurized closed tank.
141
Which wines are usually using tank method?
Most Asti and Prosecco
142
What’s Continuous Method/ Russian Continuous Method?
Developed in the USSR, it’s similar to the Tank Method, but the base wine is pumped throught a series of continuous tanks while undergoing the second fermentation. Liqueur de tirage is constantly added 不断地添加, the lees accumulate聚集in the first several tanks, offering a higher degree of autolyzed flavors than the tank method.
143
What’s TEVC?
Terroirs et Vignerons de Champagne (TEVC) is the largest Union of Champagne cooperatives, comprising 82 cooperatives which represent nearly 6000 wine-growers across 2750 hectares.
143
Which type of wine is usually using Russian Continuous Method?
German Sekt
144
Name a few Champagne houses founded wineries in California?
Domaine Carneros, Taittinger
Piper Sonoma, Piper Heidesieck, Healdsburg
Roederer Estate, Anderson Valley, Mendocino County, California
Mumm Napa, Brut Prestige
145
What’s the sparkling house founded by Taittinger in California?
Domaine Carneros
146
Wine counties of England?
East and West Sussex,
Surrey,
Kent,
Hampshire,
Essex,
Dorset,
Devon,
Cornwall,
Somerset,
Gloucestershire
146
Where is Nyetimber located?
Sussex
147
Where is Davenport located?
Kent
148
Where is Chapel Down located?
Kent
149
Where is New Wave Wines located?
Kent
149
Where is Gusbourne Estate?
Kent
150
Name 4 wineries located in Kent?
Davenport (Kent)
Chapel Down (Kent)
New Wave Wines (Kent)
Gusbourne Estate (Kent)
151
Name 4 wineries in Sussex?
Ridgeview Estate (Sussex)
Breaky Bottom (Sussex)
Henners (Sussex)
Nyetimber(Sussex)
152
Where is Ridgeview Estate?
Sussex
153
Where is Breaky Bottom located?
Sussex
154
Where is Henners located?
Sussex
155
Best Sparkling producers of UK?
Davenport (Kent)
Chapel Down (Kent)
New Wave Wines (Kent)
Gusbourne Estate (Kent)
Nyetimber (Sussex)
Ridgeview Estate (Sussex)
Breaky Bottom (Sussex)
Henners (Sussex)
Camel Valley (Cornwall)
Sharpham (Devon)
Denbies Wine Estate (Surrey)
Adgestone (Isle of Wight)
Llanerch (Glamorgan)
Three Choirs (Gloucestershire)
156
Where is Three Choirs located?
Gloucestershire
157
Where is Llanerch located?
Glamorgan
158
Where is Adgestone located?
Isle of Wight
159
Name a winery located in Surrey?
Denbies Wine
160
Where is Denbies Wine Estate located?
Surrey
161
Where is Sharpham located?
Devon
162
Which are the main grape varieties in UK?
Pinot Noir, Chardonnay, Meunier, accounts for 69% of the total wine produced in the UK
162
Where is Camel Valley located?
Cornwall
163
Which is the largest vineyard in UK? Where is it located?how many hectares?
Denbies in Surrey, 107ha
Champel Down in Kent, 388ha owned and leased plantings
164
Where does Pommery produce sparkling wine in UK? When was it released? What’s the name of Brand?
Hampshire in 2018, Louis Pommery England
165
What’s the project of Taittinger in England? Where is it located? When is it open for first harvest?
Evremond in Kent, open in 2024
166
When will Domaine Evremond Classic Cuvee be released?
Spring 2025
167
How many hectares are there in Domaine Evremond?
40ha
168
What are the white varieties for still white wines in England?
Seyval Blanc, Reichensteiner, Bacchus, Huxelrebe, Madeleine Angevine
169
What’s the latitude of UK wine regions?
50.5°
170
What are the main grape varieties for still red wine in UK?
Pinot Noir and Dornfelder
171
Where is Sharpham? What’s famous for?
In South Devon in England, known for its fine red wines
172
What’s the area of production for Table wine, Regional wine and Quality wine in UK?
Table: UK
Regional: English and Welsh Counties
Quality: England/ Wales
172
Who is the producer of Beenleigh? What’s the grape varities? Where is it produced?
Sharpham,
Merlot and Cabernet Sauvignon,
produced in South Devon
173
What are the three levels of regulations in UK?
Table wine, Regional wine, Quality wine
174
What’s the height requirements for Table wine, Regional wine and Quality wine in UK?
Table: any
Regional: below 250m elevation
Quality: below 220m
175
What are origin of grapes’ requirements for Table wine, Regional wine and Quality wine in UK?
Table: no limit
Regional: 85% from stated region
Quality: 100% from stated England or Wales
176
What are the varieties requirements for Table wine, Regional wine and Quality wine in UK?
Table: Vitis Vinifera + Hybrids
Regional: Vitis Vinifera + Hybrids
Quality: Vitis Vinifera only
177
What are min natural alcohol requirements for Table wine, Regional wine and Quality wine in UK?
Table: 5%
Regional: 6%
Quality: 6%
178
What’s PDO?
Protected Designation of Origin
179
Name 4 PDO’s in UK? And the year approved?
PDO England 2011
PDO Wales 2011
PDO Darnibole 2017
PDO Sussex 2022
180
What’s the uniqueness of PDO Darnibole?
Darnibole is the only single-vineyard wine in the UK to be awarded PDO status, it’s must be produced at Camel Valley Winery located in Cornwall County, in souteast of England, produces dry white wine from 100% Bacchus grapes.
180
Which is the only single-vineyard PDO in England?
Darnibole
181
Which winery produces Darnibole PDO?
Camel Valley winery in Cornwall County
182
Name the most recent PDO of UK?
Sussex in 2022
183
How many hectares are there in Darnibole PDO?
?? How many hectares are there in Darnibole PDO?
Only 5ha on a single plot
184
Which grape variety is produced in Darnibole PDO?
Bucchus
185
When was Sussex approved as PDO status?
In 2022
186
Which types of wine are allow for PDO Sussex?
Still and MT. Sparkling wines
187
Which grape varieties are allowed for PDO Sussex sparkling wine?
Chardonnay, Pinot Noir, Meunier,
in addition Arbanne, Pinot Gris, Pinot Blanc, Petit Meslier, Pinot Noir Précoce.
187
Which grape varieties are allow for PDO Sussex still wines?
Acolon, Auxerrois, Bacchus, Chardonnay, Dornfelder, Huxelrebe, Muller Thurgau, Orion, Ortega, Pinot Blanc, Pinot Gris, Pinot Noir, Pinot Noir Precoce, Meunier, Regent, Regner, Reichensteiner, Riesling, Rondo, Roter Veltliner, Schonburger, Siegerrebe, Solaris
188
What’s the mini alcohol content of PDO Sussex sparkling?
11% abv
189
What’s the dominated soil in Kent and Sussex?
Limestone and chalk
189
Which regions in UK are dominated by Chalk and limestone soils?
Kent and Sussex
190
Name two largest producers in UK?
Nyetimber in Sussex, Chapel Down in Kent
