Special senses Pt. 2

Question 1

Air-filled cavity within the temporal bone

Answer 1

Middle Ear or Tympanic Cavity

Question 2

Two tubes are associated with the inner ear

Answer 2

oval window;
inferior, membrane covered round window

Question 3

The opening from the auditory canal is
covered by the ___

Answer 3

tympanic membrane

Question 4

The ____connecting the middle ear
with the throat

Answer 4

auditory tube

Question 5

Allows for equalizing pressure during yawning
or swallowing – This tube is otherwise collapsed

Answer 5

auditory tube

Question 6

tympanic cavity:
Three bones span
the cavity – the
___

Answer 6

ossicles

Question 7

the ossicles (3)

Answer 7

 Malleus (hammer)
 Incus (anvil)
Stapes (stirrup)

Question 8

Vibrations from
eardrum move
the ___

Answer 8

malleus

Question 9

These bones
transfer sound
to the inner ear

Answer 9

malleus

Question 10

A maze of bony chambers within the temporal
bone called the ___or ___

Answer 10

osseous or bony labyrinth

Question 11

Filled with a plasma-like fluid called __

Answer 11

perilymph

Question 12

 Inside is a membranous labyrinth that contains
a thicker fluid called __

Answer 12

endolymph

Question 13

Bony Labrynth consists of

Answer 13

Cochlea
Vestibule
Semicircular
canals

Question 14

___ is Located within the cochlea; Gel-like ___ is capable of
bending hair cells

Answer 14

Organ of Corti; tectorial membrane

Question 15

organ of corti:

Receptors = hair cells on the ___ – hearing receptors

Answer 15

basilar
membrane

Question 16

attached to hair cells
transmits nerve impulses to auditory cortex
on temporal lob

Answer 16

Cochlear nerve

Question 17

organs of equilibrium:

Receptor cells are in two structures

Answer 17

Vestibule
Semicircular canals

Question 18

Equilibrium has two functional parts

Answer 18

Static equilibrium
Dynamic equilibrium

Question 19

___– receptors in the vestibule; Report on the position of the head with respect to
gravity – help determine up from down

Answer 19

Maculae

Question 20

Maculae Send information via the ___

Answer 20

vestibular nerve

Question 21

Anatomy of the maculae:

 Hair cells are embedded in the ____
 ___(tiny stones) float in a gel around the hair
cells

Answer 21

otolithic membrane;
Otoliths

Question 22

___cause otoliths to bend the hair cells
which send impulses along the vestibular nerve to
the cerebellum

Answer 22

Movements

Question 23

Dynamic Equilibrium:

 ____ –
receptors in the
semicircular canals; Tuft of hair cell

Answer 23

Crista ampullaris

Question 24

dynamic equilibrium

__(gelatinous cap)
covers the hair cells

Answer 24

Cupula

Question 25

Both senses use chemoreceptors

Answer 25

taste and smell

Question 26

___has four types of receptors __can differentiate a large range of chemicals

Answer 26

Taste; Smell

Question 27

The Sense of Smell

Answer 27

olfaction

Question 28

are in the roof of the nasal cavity

Answer 28

Olfactory receptors

Question 29

Neurons with long cilia – ___ Chemicals must be dissolved in ___for detection

Answer 29

olfactory hairs; mucus

Question 30

Impulses are transmitted via the ____ which makes up the olfactory nerve

Answer 30

olfactory filaments

Question 31

Interpretation of smells is made in the __

Answer 31

olfactory cortex

Question 32

sense of taste ___- house the receptor organs

Answer 32

Taste buds

Question 33

Location of taste buds

Answer 33

 Most are on the tongue Soft palate  Inner cheeks

Question 34

The dorsal tongue is covered with projections called ___

Answer 34

papillae

Question 35

3 types of papillae

Answer 35

filiform fungiform circumvallate

Question 36

___papillae – sharp with no taste bud

Answer 36

Filiform

Question 37

___papillae – rounded with taste

Answer 37

Fungiform

Question 38

___papillae – large papillae with taste buds

Answer 38

Circumvallate

Question 39

Taste buds are found on the ___

Answer 39

sides of papillae

Question 40

The specific cells that respond to chemical dissolved in saliva are ____ - ___cells are the receptors

Answer 40

epithelial cells; Gustatory

Question 41

Surrounded by supporting cells in the taste bud

Answer 41

gustatory cells

Question 42

Have gustatory hairs (long microvilli) Hairs are stimulated by chemicals dissolved in saliva

Answer 42

gustatory cells

Question 43

Impulses are carried to the gustatory complex by several cranial nerves (3)

Answer 43

facial nerve (anterior tongue) Glossopharyngeal nerve Vagus nerve

Question 44

Taste Sensations:  Sweet receptors (4)

Answer 44

Sugars Saccharine Some amino acids *May respond to the OH

Question 45

Taste Sensations:  Sour receptors (2)

Answer 45

Acids  May respond to the H+

Question 46

Taste Sensations:  bitter receptors

Answer 46

alkaloids

Question 47

Taste Sensations:  salty receptors

Answer 47

metal ions in solution

Question 48

are outgrowths of the brain

Answer 48

eyes