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Flashcards in Specific Voice Disorders 2 Deck (21)
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1
Q

What are the 3 types of spasmodic dysphonia?

A

AD-ductor, AB-ductor, and mixed

2
Q

What happens to the VF in AD-ductor spasmodic dysphonia?

A

They spasm shut; extreme hyperfunction

3
Q

How does the voice sound in AD-ductor spasmodic dysphonia?

A

Strained with a low intensity

4
Q

What does the label describe in spastic dysphonias?

A

What the VF DO. This is the opposite of VF paralysis!

5
Q

What is the easiest way to diagnose the difference between the two types of spastic dysphonia?

A

Perceptually - it’s the most reliable!

6
Q

What do people call spastic dysphonia a laryngeal stutter?

A

Many characteristics that are similar; speaker begins to expect difficulty phonating, but no difficulty with singing or laughing. As people try to control it it becomes more difficult.

Primary etiology is neurological for both.

7
Q

What is observable at the moment of aphonia during AB-ductor spastic dysphonia?

A

A glottal chink

8
Q

What gender is spastic dysphonia more common in?

A

Females

9
Q

What is the average age of onset for spastic dysphonia?

A

50

10
Q

What are the most common medical treatments for spastic dysphonia?

A

Paralyze one VF with an injection of something first, if that doesn’t work they may cut the RLN. May also do Botox injections.

11
Q

What is the patient’s voice like in functional aphonia?

A

It’s an involuntary whisper; no voice with a normal larynx.

12
Q

How must functional aphonia be diagnosed?

A

With a laryngeal exam.

13
Q

What are some of the most common etiologies for functional aphonia?

A

May occur after severe laryngitis or upper respiratory illness. Could also occur after surgery. May also be a sudden onset as a reaction to a psychological condition.

14
Q

What is the best treatment approach for functional aphonia?

A

Explaining and discussing the problem, and then shaping their voice from another type of phonation (cough, gargle, hum).

15
Q

What is hypernasality?

A

Excessive, undesirable amounts of nasal resonance during phonation of vowels and non-nasal consonants.

16
Q

What is hyponasality?

A

Lack of nasal resonance on /m, n, and ng/; may also affect vowels

17
Q

What is assimilative nasality?

A

Occurs on vowels adjacent to nasal consonants; often occurs in individuals with neurological disorders

18
Q

What are some of the most common etiologies of hypernasality?

A

Cleft palate, fistulas, injuries to palatal areas, etc.

19
Q

What is the best treatment for hypernasality?

A

Surgery! All the voice therapy in the world will not be helpful if there is inadequate VP function.

20
Q

What is mutational falsetto also known as?

A

Puberphonia

21
Q

What is mutational falsetto characterized by?

A

Failure to change from a high pitched voice to a lower pitch typical of post-pubescence; larynx has a normal structure but is positioned high in the neck.