Speech A&P Unit 1: Introduction

Question 1

What is the difference between Anatomy and Physiology?

Answer 1

Anatomy= structure
Physiology= function

Question 2

The relatively immobile point of a muscle

Answer 2

origin

Question 3

The relatively mobile point of a muscle

Answer 3

insertion

Question 4

Type of tissue that forms a protective surface; makes up skin and mucus membranes

Answer 4

epithelial

Question 5

Type of connective tissue known for its strength and elasticity

Answer 5

cartilage

Question 6

Type of tissue that transmits information from the brain to the periphery and back

Answer 6

neural/nervous

Question 7

Movement toward the midline; coming together

Answer 7

adduction

Question 8

Movement away from the midline; moving apart

Answer 8

abduction

Question 9

This muscle originates at the sternum and clavicle, courses superiorly, and inserts in the hyoid bone

Answer 9

sternohyoid

Question 10

This muscle originates at the hyoid bone and courses upward to insert in the tongue (glossus)

Answer 10

hyoglossus

Question 11

The hyoglossus contracts in the direction of the site of origin. What is its most likely function?

Answer 11

to pull the sides of the tongue down

Question 12

A muscle contracts in the direction of the site of origin. What is the most likely function of the Sternohyoid?

Answer 12

to pull the hyoid bone down

Question 13

The most important features of cartilage

Answer 13

strength and elasticity

Question 14

System responsible for production of voiced sound

Answer 14

phonatory

Question 15

System that amplifies sound produced by vocal folds

Answer 15

resonance

Question 16

System that powers voiced sound production

Answer 16

respiratory

Question 17

System that shapes sound into speech

Answer 17

articulatory

Question 18

System that transmits information between brain and peripheral structures

Answer 18

nervous

Question 19

System that receives and processes sound

Answer 19

auditory

Question 20

Portion of the skull housing the brain

Answer 20

cranium

Question 21

Chest region between diaphragm and 7th cervical vertebra

Answer 21

thorax

Question 22

Relatively unprotected region of the trunk below the diaphragm

Answer 22

abdomen

Question 23

Part of the body from thighs to feet

Answer 23

lower extremities

Question 24

Part of the body from shoulder to fingertips

Answer 24

upper extremities

Question 25

Area of the body containing the hips; supports the lower extremities

Answer 25

pelvic region

Question 26

Type of tissue that connects structures within the body

Answer 26

connective

Question 27

Type of tissue that contracts to move structures

Answer 27

muscular

Question 28

Type of muscular tissue used to move skeletal structures; has a striped appearance under microscope

Answer 28

striated muscle

Question 29

Type of muscular tissue found in digestive tract and blood vessels; has a sheet-like appearance

Answer 29

smooth muscle

Question 30

Give three examples of how use of a structure can affect its form

Answer 30

* development of calluses from playing a musical instrument or using a specific tool. * development of increased muscular strength on one side of the body by repeated activity, such as scooping ice cream. * development of vocal nodules caused by screaming and other types of vocal misuse and abuse.

Question 31

Orientation: above

Answer 31

superior

Question 32

Orientation: below

Answer 32

inferior

Question 33

Orientation: in front of

Answer 33

anterior

Question 34

Orientation: behind

Answer 34

posterior

Question 35

Orientation: on top

Answer 35

dorsal

Question 36

Orientation: on bottom

Answer 36

ventral

Question 37

Orientation: near the midline

Answer 37

medial

Question 38

Orientation: away from the midline

Answer 38

distal

Question 39

Orientation: turned upward

Answer 39

supine

Question 40

Orientation: turned downward

Answer 40

prone

Question 41

Plane that divides the body into right and left

Answer 41

sagittal

Question 42

Plane that divides the body into front and back

Answer 42

coronal

Question 43

Plane that divides the body into top and bottom

Answer 43

transverse