Speech - Lesson 1 Flashcards
(37 cards)
any external sight or sound that distracts us from the message
cars, dogs
Physical/ Real
the verbal utterances, visual images, and nonverbal behaviors used to convey thoughts and feelings
Messages
the process through which we express, interpret, and coordinate messages with others
Communication
the process of putting our thoughts and feelings into words and nonverbal behaviors
Important to avoid miscommunication
Done by the speaker
Encoding
the process of interpreting another’s message
Done by the listener
“meaning making” not just interpretation
Decoding
responses to messages that indicate how the initial message was interpreted
Feedback
a mental library of scripts each of us draws from to create messages based on what worked in the past
each canned plan may contain many scripts tailored to different people and occasions
if a canned message doesn’t seem suitable, we may search for scripts that are similar to the current situation and customize an appropriate message
Canned Plan
an actual text of what to say and do in a specific situation
Script
First, we have messages which can be in form of verbal, nonverbal behaviors, and visual images
We create messages through encoding
While the receiver interprets the message through decoding
NATURE OF COMMUNICATION
use of words to share information with other people
speaking to another person over the telephone, face-to-face discussions, interviews, debates, presentations
VERBAL
the transfer of information through body language, facial expressions, gestures
environment, appearance and artifacts, proxemics and territoriality, haptics, paralanguage, chronemics, kinesics, and eye contact
NONVERBAL
ELEMENT OF COMMUNICATION
- Messages – encoding and decoding (both are cognitive process and activity)
- Feedback
- Channel
- Interference
is what we do when we encode a message
Mispronunciation can lead to miscommunication
Pronunciation is important to become an effective communicator
Message Production
is what we do when we decode a message
how we explain or receive the message from the speaker
Message interpretation
consists of the behavioral adjustments each participant makes in an attempt to create shared meaning
shared meaning occurs when the receiver’s interpretation is similar to what the speaker intended
“nagkakaintindihan na kayo”
Interaction coordination
both the route traveled by the message and the means of transportation
verbal symbols, nonverbal cues, visual images
Channels
any stimulus that interferes with the process of achieving shared meaning
can be physical or psychological
Interference or Noise
thoughts and feelings we experience that compete with the sender’s message for our attention
Psychological/Mental/Personal
stuttering, stammering, hunger, fatigue, headaches, pain
example: a foreign man with a strong accent
Physiological/Biological
we are not able to interpret the message clearly
refers to when a speaker and a listener have different interpretations of the meaning of certain words
Semantic Noise
stock knowledge
Schema
CHARACTERISTIC OF COMMUNICATION
- Communication has a PURPOSE
- Communication is continuous
- Communication is Irreversible
- Communication is Situated
- Communication Is Indexical
- Communication Messages Vary in Conscious Thought
We communicate to develop and maintain our send of self
We communicate to develop and maintain relationships
We communicate to meet our social needs
We communicate to exchange information
We communicate to influence others
Communication has a PURPOSE
Dance Hellical model – Endless model
Frank Dance’s communication model assumes that a person’s communication starts at birth, and continues as life progresses.
Communication is continuous
