Spinal Cord

Question 1

spinal cord

Answer 1

continuous with caudal medulla at foramen magnum

contains sensory and motor neurons

Question 2

Cervical enlargement

Answer 2

C5-T1
brachial plexus that serves upper extremities
more gray and white matter

Question 3

lumbosacral enlargment

Answer 3

L1-L3 lumbar plexus
L4-S3 lumbosacral plexus
serve lower extremities

Question 4

Posterior (dorsal) surface of spinal cord has 3-5 culci

Answer 4

posterior median sulcus-
posterior median septum-
posterolateral sulci-
posterior intermediate sulci- apparent in upper thoracic and cervical spinal cord segment

Question 5

posterior median sulcus

Answer 5

shallow indentation in midline

Question 6

posterior median septum

Answer 6

glial continuation f median sulcus,

extends to spinal cord gray matter and partially divides spinal cord into right and left halves

Question 7

posterolateral sulci

Answer 7

entry of dorsal rootlet sensory fibers into dorsal horns of spinal cord
dorsal root entry zone

Question 8

posterior intermediate sulci

Answer 8

btw posterior median sulcus & posterolateral sulcus
glial spetum extends centrally from sulcus
divides proprioceptive sensory fibers from upper and lower extremities

Question 9

Anterior surface sulci

Answer 9

anterior median fissure

2 ill defined anterolateral sulci

Question 10

anterior spinal artery

Answer 10

coursed longitudinally along spinal cord associated with anterior median fissure

Question 11

what exits from anterolateral sucli

Answer 11

motor rootlets exit spinal cord

Question 12

central canal

Answer 12

dorsal, ventral, and intermediate gray matter surrounds central canal

Question 13

dorsal horn neurons receive

Answer 13

somatosensory pain and temperature ,some touch input

Question 14

ventral horns

Answer 14

contain somatomotor neurons

Question 15

intermediate gray matter

Answer 15

btw dorsal & ventral

Question 16

lateral horn

Answer 16

extends from intermediate gray matter

thoracic and lumbar spinal cord sigments

Question 17

Funiculi

Answer 17

white matter divisions

dorsal,2 lateral , ventral

Question 18

Tracts/Fasciculi

Answer 18

specific bundles of fibers within a funicular that serve a specific fun or travel together to reach a specific destination

Question 19

fasciculus proprius

Answer 19

region of white matter that lines the contour of entire gray matter

Question 20

Zone of Lissauer

Answer 20

lateral fiber bundle
contains small unmyelinated fibers that carry nociceptive afferents up or down spinal cord to synapse at diff spinal cord segments

Question 21

thoracic cord segments gray matter is

Answer 21

relatively thin

Question 22

anterior white commissure

Answer 22

white matter that lies btw apex of fissure and gray matter

where axons cross to the opposite side

Question 23

lamina I

Answer 23

marginal zone
posteromarginal nucleus
receive pain and temp fibers input
cross anterior white commissure

Question 24

Lamina II

Answer 24

substantia gelatinosa 
lack myelinated axons 
outer region receives pain afferent 
inner region- mechanoreceptor input 
does not contribute to any sensory tracts 
modulate pain input

Question 25

Lamina III& IV

Answer 25

Nucleus Proprious compromise largest part of dorsal horn body light touch afferents

Question 26

Lamina V

Answer 26

projects dendrites into lamina II | synapse directly with primary afferent fibers from fascicles propitious

Question 27

Axons of laminas I, IV, V

Answer 27

contribute to formation of Spinothalamic tract

Question 28

Lamina VI

Answer 28

centrobasal nucleus forms base of dorsal horns ascending rostral spinocerebellar tract

Question 29

Laminae VII

Answer 29

intermediate spinal gray matter Clarke's nucleus (C8-L2) Intermediolateral nucleus (T1-L2,3) Intermediomedial nucleus- viscerosensory

Question 30

Clarke's nucleus

Answer 30

ventral to VI form dorsal spinaocerebellar tract C8-L2

Question 31

intermediolateral nucleus

Answer 31

in lateral horn T1- L3 sympathetic GVE

Question 32

intermediomedial nucleus

Answer 32

present in entire extent of spinal cord in the most medial part of lamina VII receive visceral afferent fibers GVA

Question 33

intermediomedial nucleus--> intermediolateral nucleus

Answer 33

autonomic reflex arc

Question 34

Lamina VIII

Answer 34

lies between intermediate gray and ventral horn contain mostly interneurons descending motor tracts Medial motor tracts

Question 35

Lamina IX

Answer 35

nuclear islands of motor neurons and interneurons alpha and gamma Somatotopic organization

Question 36

Somatotopic organization of Lamina IX

Answer 36

medial nuclei - proximal upper extremities lateral nuclei- distal muslces intermediate nuclei- medial to lateral, shoulder, arm, forearm posterior nuclei- flexors anterior nuclei- extensors

Question 37

Lamina X

Answer 37

spinal gray that surrounds central canal

Question 38

Arterial blood supply to spinal cord | from branches of vertebral arteries

Answer 38

single anterior spinal artery 2 posterior spinal artery Radicular spinal artery (brach from thoracic and ab aorta)

Question 39

Venous supply of spinal cord

Answer 39

radicular veins drain blood into epidural venous plexus