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Control and Movement > Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves > Flashcards

Spinal Cord and Spinal Nerves Flashcards

1
Q

How many vertebrae are in each compartment of the vertebral column?

A
  • 7 Cervical
  • 12 Thoracic
  • 5 Lumbar
  • 5 Sacral
  • 1 Coccygeal
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2
Q

How many spinal cord segments are there?

A
  • 31
  • 8 Cervical
  • 12 thoracic
  • 5 Lumbar
  • 5 Sacral
  • 1 Coccygeal
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3
Q

Where does the C1 nerve emerge?

A

between base of skull and C1 vertebra

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4
Q

Where do nerves C2-C7 emerge?

A

Superior to their numbered pedicles

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5
Q

Where does C8 emerge from?

A

Inferior to pedicle of Cervical vertebra 7

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6
Q

Where to nerve T1-Co1 emerge?

A

Inferior to their numbered pedicles

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7
Q

What are the names of the 2 enlargements of the spinal cord?

A
  • Cervical enlargement (for brachial plexus)

- Lumbar enlargement (Sciatic nerve)

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8
Q

What are the 2 structures formed by extensions of the pia matter?

A
  • Denticulate ligaments

- Filum Terminale

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9
Q

What is the Dura and bone separated by?

A

Fat filled epidural space

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10
Q

How does the dura surrounding the cord differ from that surrounding the brain?

A

One one layer thick (meningeal) as periosteal layer surrounding brain becomes periosteum of the skull

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11
Q

How are the dura and arachnoid matter separated?

A

Subdural space (potential space)

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12
Q

What is the termination of the spinal cord known as?

A

Conus Medullaris

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13
Q

What makes up the Cauda Equina?

A

Dorsal & ventral roots of lower lumbar, sacral & coccygeal segmental spinal nerves

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14
Q

How does the spinal cord change in length with age?

A
  • Foetus= Spinal cord & dura terminate at end of vertebral column
  • Birth= Filum terminale extends to Co1, spinal cord terminates at L3
  • Adult=Spinal cord terminates at L1, Dural sac subarachnoid space termination S2
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15
Q

Describe the arterial supply of the spinal cord

A

-Arterial blood via unpaired anterior & paired posterior spinal arteries

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16
Q

What do spinal arteries arise from?

A

Vertebral arteries

17
Q

What are the vertebral arteries supported by in the spinal cord?

A

Segmental medullary & radicular arteries along the length of the cord

18
Q

Where do the spinal branches arise in different levels of the body?

A
  • Vertebral= neck
  • Posterior intercostal= thorax
  • Lumbar= abdomen
  • Lateral sacral= pelvis
19
Q

What type of nerve fibres are carried in the dorsal grey horn of the spinal cord?

A

-Somatic & visceral sensory

20
Q

What is contained within the dorsal root of the spinal cord?

A
  • Dorsal root ganglion

- Somatic & visceral sensory fibres

21
Q

What type of nerve fibres are carried in the ventral grey horn of the spinal cord?

A
  • Somatic motor

- Visceral motor

22
Q

What nerve fibres are contained within the spinal nerve?

A

Mixed: Somatic & visceral motor and Somatic & visceral sensory

23
Q

What does each spinal nerve take as it leaves the vertebral canal? What does this become?

A
  • Meningeal coverings

- Form the Epineurium (protective outer sheath of connective tissue)

24
Q

What is the variation in white matter?

A

-White matter inc as ascend cord

25
Q

Where does the ventral grey horn enlarge?

A

Where motor fibres to limbs arise (cervical & lumbar enlargements)

26
Q

What are the 2 columns of each side of the midline of the cord? Where are they located?

A
  • Gracile fascicle medially
  • Cuneate fascicle laterally
  • Above segment T6
27
Q

Where are the following located and what are there functions:

  • Dorsal column
  • Lateral corticospinal tract
  • Ventral corticospinal tract
  • Spinothalamic tract
A
  • DC: right, ipsilateral joint position sense & vibration sense
  • LCT: Voluntary movement on right (located on right of spinal cord)
  • VCT: Voluntary movement on right (located on left of spinal cord)
  • ST: Contralateral pain, light touch & temp (located on left of spinal cord)
28
Q

What is the functional difference between dorsal &ventral nerve roots?

A 
Dorsal = Sensory
Ventral = Motor
29
Q

What conditions would you obtain a sample of CSF for?

A
  • Meningitis
  • Subarachnoid haemorrhage
  • Guillain-Barré Syndrome
30
Q

Starting from the skin list the layers pierced when doing a lumbar puncture

A
  • Skin
  • Fat
  • Supraspinous ligament
  • Interspinous ligament
  • Dura mater
  • Arachnoid mater
31
Q

Which spinal cord segment has the most white matter? Why?

A
  • Cervical segment

- All fibres from the whole body travel in the cervical spinal cord

32
Q

What information is carried in the sections of the dorsal white matter?

A
  • (medial) fasciculus gracilis= fibres from lower limb

- (lateral) fasciculus cuneatus= fibres from upper limb

33
Q

What are the inferior & superior boundaries of the epidural space?

A

Superiorly=Foramen Magnum

Inferiorly= Tip of sacrum at sacrococcygeal membrane

34
Q

What are the clinical presentations of a nerve compression between L5 & the sacrum?

A
  • Sciatica

- Weakness in dorsiflexion= foot drop

Control and Movement (19 decks)

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