Sport And Nutrition Summary Flashcards

To Be Able To Understand and Explain How The Body Works In Relation To Heart Rate And Breathing Rate (15 cards)

1
Q

What is Respiration?

A

Respiration is the Chemical Reaction that releases Energy from Glucose and Oxygen.

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2
Q

How do we know what Respiration are Muscle Cells are carrying out?

A

We know what Respiration are Muscle Cells are carrying out as if our Muscle Cells have a good supply of Oxygen, they Respire Aerobically. If Oxygen runs out, they
Respire Anaerobically.

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3
Q

What is the Word Equation for Aerobic Respiration?

A

The Word Equation for Aerobic Respiration is Glucose + Oxygen -> Carbon Dioxide + Water + Lots Of Energy.

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4
Q

What is the Word Equation for Anaerobic Respiration?

A

The Word Equation for Anaerobic Respiration is Glucose -> Lactic Acid + Less Energy.

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5
Q

Why does our Breathing Rate increase when we Exercise?

A

When we Exercise, our Breathing Rate increases. This is so that we get more Oxygen into the Body,
so that the Muscle Cells can be Supplied with more Oxygen, so that they can Respire more, so that
they can Release more Energy, so that they can Contract more for the Exercise.

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6
Q

Why does our Heart Rate increase when we Exercise?

A

When we Exercise, our Heart Rate also increases. This is to Pump the Blood containing Oxygen faster
to the Muscle Cells, so that they get more Oxygen, so that they can Respire more, so that they can
Release more Energy, so that they can Contract more for the Exercise.

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7
Q

What is the importance of Oxygen Debt?

A

The importance of Oxygen Debt is vital as Lactic Acid is Toxic and a Build Up in our Cells and Muscles can lead to Harmful Effects if not converted to Carbon Dioxide and Oxygen quickly enough. We Repay Oxygen Debt by Panting after Hard Exercises as Panting provides Oxygen to help break down Lactic Acid.

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8
Q

What are the different Parts of the Heart?

A

The Top Two Chambers of the Heart are called the Atria and the Bottom Two Chambers of the Heart are called the Ventricles. Blood on the Right Hand Side of the Heart is Deoxygenated and Blood on the Left Hand Side of the Heart is Oxygenated.

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9
Q

What are Performance Enhancing Substances?

A

Performance Enhancing Substances are Chemicals which give Athletes an Unfair Advantage. For
Example, EPO or Blood Doping, Results in an Increased Number of Red Blood Cells and therefore an Increased Ability to carry more Oxygen to the Muscle Cells, for More Respiration, for More Energy.

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10
Q

What are the Lungs Responsible for?

A

The Lungs are the Organ Responsible for Gas Exchange (getting Oxygen in to the Body for Respiration and getting Carbon Dioxide out of the Body for Respiration).

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11
Q

What is Gas Exchange?

A

Gas exchange can be Split into Two Parts, Oxygen and Carbon Dioxide. Oxygen Diffuses from the Alveoli into the Blood from a Higher to Lower Concentration. Carbon Dioxide Diffuses from the Blood into the Alveoli from a Higher to Lower Concentration. They do this until Dynamic Equilibrium is reached. This is a Passive Process

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12
Q

What Diseases can Smoking cause?

A

Smoking can cause Diseases such as Bronchitis, Emphysema and Lung Cancer.

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13
Q

What are Three Harmful Substances in Cigarettes?

A

Three Harmful Substances in Cigarettes are Tar (Physically Builds Up and Damages the Alveoli), Nicotine (Effects the Brain and is Addictive) and Carbon Monoxide (Replaces the Oxygen in the Blood so Cells get Less Oxygen).

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14
Q

What is a Balanced Diet?

A

A Balanced Diet is one that Contains all of the Food Nutrients in the Correct Amounts.

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15
Q

What are the different Nutrients needed in the Body?

A

The different Nutrients needed in the Body are Carbohydrates, Fats/Lipids, Protein, Minerals, Vitamins, Fibre, and Water.

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