Stain and staining methods Flashcards
(36 cards)
It is a chemical which can bind with the cellular components and give them color
Stain
Living biological specimens are mounted on a glass slide with water and specific stains
Wet mounting
It is a technique which is used to enhance and contrast a biological specimen at the microscopic level
This can be used to study the structure of crystalline polymers
Staining
It is a multi-step process which is done to preserve the shape of cells and tissue
It is done to kill and adhere the specimens
Fixations
Chemical agents that are used along with dye to make the specimen stainable, which otherwise is unstable
Mordant
What are the two types of mordant
Basic mordant (react with acidic dyes) and Acidic mordant (basic dyes)
Type of staining that is done with the help of mordants
Indirect staining
Type of staining that is done without the help of mordant
Direct staining
It involves treating the specimen with a surfactant that dissolves the cell membrane allowing easy staining with the dye
Permeabilization
Staining technique used to identify bacteria based on their cell wall composition
Gram’s staining
In gram’s staining crystal violet is used for what?
Staining the cell wall
Mordant that is used in gram’s staining
Iodine
Counterstain that is used in gram’s staining
Safranin/Carbolfuchsin
It is a staining technique used to find out the presence of endospores in bacteria; their presence makes the bacteria difficult to kill
Endospore Staining
Staining technique used to stain acid-fast bacteria such as mycobacterium tuberculosis
Ziehl-veelsen or Acid fast staining
Stain use in acid fast staining
Carbolfuchsin
Counterstain use in acid fast staining
Methylene blue or Crystal violet
Used in histopathological studies to observe thin tissue sections
Haematoxyline and eosin staining
Used to stain carbohydrate molecules
Used on liver tissues, kidney, pancreas and ovaries to detect the presence of glycogen and help in the diagnosis diseases
Periodic acid-schiff (PAS) staining
It is a three-color staining procedure which is used for differentiating cells from connective tissues
Masson staining
Used only one type of stain on a slide
One stain is being used, patterns or background will be one color
Simple staining
Uses more than one chemical stain
Differential staining
A dye or chemical is usually used that as an attraction for a particular tissue component to be exhibited
Allows for the microscopic view of specific cell types, structures and the presence of absense of microorganisms
Special staining
Type of staining that use acidic stain, it will achieve clear cells with a dark background
Negative staining
