Brainscape's Knowledge GenomeTM


Top Flashcards (Certified)
All Flashcards

Histopath Lec > Staining Part 2 > Flashcards

Staining Part 2 Flashcards

(65 cards)

Start Studying
1
Q

Coloring substances

A

Stains

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
2
Q

TWO STAIN CATEGORIES

A

NATURAL DYE
SYNTHETIC (ARTIFACTS) DYES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
3
Q

Stains derived from PLANTS and ANIMALS

A

NATURAL DYES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
4
Q

Examples of NATURAL DYES (5)

A

Hematoxylin
Cochineal dyes
Orcein
Saffron (dried stigmata of Crocus sativus)
Indigo

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
5
Q

Obtained from Mexican Tree (Hematoxylin campechianum)

Formed from the oxidation of hematoxylin either by RIPENING or by adding OXIDIZING agents

A

Hematoxylin

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
6
Q
  • Expose the substance to air & sunlight
  • slow process, 3-4 months
A

Natural ripening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
7
Q
  • chemical oxidation
A

Artificial ripening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
8
Q

Two kinds of ripening

A

Natural ripening
Artificial ripening

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
9
Q

Example of hematoxylin (5)

A

Hydrogen peroxide
Mercuric oxide
Sodium perborate
Potassium permanganate
Sodium iodate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
10
Q
  • Active coloring agent of Hematoxylin
  • used in combination with Alum, Iron Chromium, Copper salts
A

HEMATEIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
11
Q

Hematein: - Active coloring agent of Hematoxylin
- used in combination with (3)

A

Alum
Iron chromium
Copper salts

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
12
Q

uses Potassium Allum as mordant

A

ALUM HEMATOXYLIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
13
Q

generally used for Photomicrography

A

IRON HEMATOXYLIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
14
Q

For Muscles & CT fibers

A

WEIGERT’S HEMATOXYLIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
15
Q

mordant for WEIGERT’S HEMATOXYLIN

A

Ferric Ammonium Chloride

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
16
Q

For Nuclei & Cytoplasmic inclusions

A

HEIDENHAIN’S HEMATOXYLIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
17
Q

mordant for HEIDENHAIN’S HEMATOXYLIN

A

Ferric Ammonium Sulfate

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
18
Q

recommended for spermatogenesis study

A

COPPER HEMATOXYLIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
19
Q

uses 1% phosphotungstic acid as Mordant

A

TUNGSTEN HEMATOXYLIN/PTAH

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
20
Q

Extracted from Coccus cacti (female Cochineal Bug) treated with ALUM to produce carmine

A

COCHINEAL DYES

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
21
Q
  • contains Picric acid
  • use in Neuropathological stain
A

PICROCARMINE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
22
Q
  • contains aluminum chloride
  • demonstration of glycogen (+) Bright Red
A

BEST CARMINE

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
23
Q

Vegetable dyes extracted from lichens
Use for staining elastic fibers

the source of LITMUS PAPER, pH indicator

Colorless, treated with ammonia, exposed to air to produce a blue or violet color

A

ORCEIN

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
24
Q

SYNTHETIC DYES A.K.A (2)

A

Coal Tar Dye or Aniline Dye

How well did you know this?
1
Not at all
2
3
4
5
Perfectly
25
dye derived from Derived from Hydrocarbon Benzene
SYNTHETIC DYES
26
- impart color that is permanent -composed of chromophore and auxochrome
DYES
27
- Responsible for the coloring property -subs with definite atomic groupings that are capable of producing visible color but not permanent
CHROMOPHORE
28
simple benzene compounds that contain chromophores
CHROMOGEN
29
- responsible for dyeing property -subs that are added to chromogen to retain color in the tissue
AUXOCHROME
30
3 GROUPS OF SYNTHETIC DYES
ACID DYES BASIC DYES NEUTRAL DYES
31
basic cell structures have an affinity for acid dye ions (acidophilic) Ex. Eosin, Picric Acid (Cytoplasm- red/pink color)
ACID DYES
32
acidic structures have an affinity for basic dyes (Basophilic) Ex. Methylene Blue (Nucleus- blue color)
BASIC DYES
33
formed by combining aqueous solutions of acid and basic dyes Insoluble to barely soluble in water Soluble in water Ex. Romanovsky Dye
NEUTRAL DYES
34
Acid dye (most commonly used counterstain)
EOSIN: Red Eosin Y Bluish Ethyl Eosin
35
dyes with neutral pH
AMPHOTERIC DYES
36
regarded as OIL SOLUBLE DYES
LYSOCHROME DYES
37
LYSOCHROME DYES (3)
SUDAN BLACK SUDAN III SUDAN IV
38
most sensitive, has much greater affinity to phospholipids and neutral fats
SUDAN BLACK
39
first sudan dye to be introduced into immunohistochemistry -Good fats stain for central nervous system tissues
SUDAN III
40
recommended for staining triglyceride
SUDAN IV
41
intensifies fat and prevents rapid deterioration of the solution
Benzoic Acid
42
H&E Staining: Nuclear detail/definition
hematoxylin
43
H&E Staining: Contrasting Counterstain
eosin
44
Most commonly used for histologic studies combined with Mordants Filter the stain prior to use
HEMATOXYLIN
45
Routinely used in H and E staining Mordant used: Alum/Aluminum Nuclei: Reddish *Forms Blue Lakes after bluing agent -reagents: ammonia water, Scott’s Tap water For Progressive and regressive staining
ALUMINUM HEMATOXYLIN
46
Bluing is necessary to convert nuclear coloration from reddish purple to a crisp blue/purple Bluing agents typically are alkaline with a pH range of _______ optimally
7.5-9.0
47
routinely used in nuclear staining Ripened with Mercuric Oxide Cytology: Nuclear Stain in PAP’s Staining of Sex Chromosomes Addition of glacial acetic acid gives a precise nuclear staining Staining Method: Regressive
HARRIS Hematoxylin
48
-Excellent nuclear stain; stains mucins, recommended for bones and cartilage Glycerin added to slow oxidation and to prolong shelf life of hematoxylin Staining Method: Regressive
Ehrlich’s Hematoxylin
49
Naturally ripened; similar longevity to Ehrlich’s
Delafied’s Hematoxylin
50
-chemically ripened with sodium iodate - Staining Method: Progressive and Regressive
Mayer’s Hematoxylin
51
-artificially ripened with alcoholic iodine
Cole’s Hematoxylin
52
Artificially ripened with potassium iodine For FROZEN SECTIONS
Carazzi’s Hematoxylin
53
-uses Iron salts as both a mordant and a ripening/oxidizing agent Staining Method: Regressive
IRON HEMATOXYLIN
54
Examples of IRON HEMATOXYLIN
Weigert’s Hematoxylin Heidenhain’s Hematoxylin Loyez Hematoxylin Verhoeff Hematoxylin
55
What iron hematoxylin? Mordant/Oxidizer: Ferric ammonium chloride Standard iron hematoxylin Used in demonstrating muscle fibers and CT
Weigert’s Hematoxylin
56
What iron hematoxylin? Mordant/Oxidizer: Iron Alum For nuclear and cytoplasmic inclusions; cytological stains Result: Gray-Black
Heidenhain’s Hematoxylin
57
What iron hematoxylin? for FROZEN SECTIONS
Loyez Hematoxylin
58
What iron hematoxylin? elastic fibers (black)
Verhoeff Hematoxylin
59
Mordant: 1% aqueous phosphotungstic acid Oxidizer: Potassium Permanganate Phosphotungstic Acid Hematoxylin -Natural ripening achieved with light and air For CNS, general tissue Staining Method: Progressive
TUNGSTEN HEMATOXYLIN
60
for demonstration of granules of endocrine cells of alimentary tract
LEAD HEMATOXYLIN-
61
Spermatogenesis
COPPER HEMATOXYLIN
61
Spermatogenesis
COPPER HEMATOXYLIN
62
Red acid (xanthene) dye Routinely used a counterstain after hematoxylin and before methylene blue Stains connective tissues and cytoplasm differentially
EOSIN (pH 4.6-5)
63
3 forms of eosin:
Yellow (EOSIN Y)' Eosin B, Erythrosin B Eosin S, Ethyl eosin
64
Hematoxylin and Eosin (H&E) Nuclei- Erythrocytes- Cytoplasm-
Nuclei- blue Erythrocytes- bright pink to red Cytoplasm- Pink

Histopath Lec (4 decks)

Brainscape helps you reach your goals faster, through stronger study habits.
© 2025 Bold Learning Solutions. Terms and Conditions