State Board Prep Flashcard file
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What is the main component of hair?
a) Collagen, b) Keratin, c) Elastin, d) Fibrin
What pH level is considered neutral?
a) 5, b) 6, c) 7, d) 8
What is the primary chemical used in permanent waving (perms)?
a) Sodium hydroxide, b) Ammonium thioglycolate, c) Hydrogen peroxide, d) Ethanol
What does a neutralizer do during a perming process?
a) Loosens hair bonds, b) Adds color, c) Reforms disulfide bonds, d) Closes the cuticle
What pH range do hydroxide relaxers typically fall into?
a) 3-5, b) 6-8, c) 9-11, d) 12-14
What is the main ingredient in demi-permanent hair color?
a) Ammonia, b) Low-volume developer, c) Sodium chloride, d) Hydrogen peroxide
What is the difference between a solution and an emulsion?
a) Solution is a solid, emulsion is liquid, b) Emulsion contains two immiscible substances, c) Emulsion dissolves faster, d) Solution is thicker than emulsion
What chemical is used to reform disulfide bonds in a perm?
a) Ammonia, b) Hydrogen peroxide, c) Sodium hydroxide, d) Thioglycolic acid
What is the function of hydrogen peroxide in hair coloring?
a) Closes the cuticle, b) Oxidizes melanin, c) Moisturizes the scalp, d) Protects from heat
What is the function of surfactants in shampoos?
a) Reduces pH, b) Adds shine, c) Lowers surface tension, d) Oxidizes color
What is the chemical reaction that occurs during bleaching?
a) Oxidation of water, b) Oxidation of melanin, c) Reduction of keratin, d) Oxidation of disulfide bonds
What is a chelating shampoo, and why is it used?
a) Removes chlorine and minerals, b) Cleanses hair of oils, c) Adds moisture to hair, d) Adds shine
What is the role of alkaline substances in hair relaxers?
a) Opens the cuticle, b) Seals the cuticle, c) Adds protein, d) Removes pigment
What is the importance of emollients in skin and hair care products?
a) Adds shine, b) Softens hair, c) Provides moisture and protection, d) Strengthens bonds
What type of bond is broken by permanent hair color and reformed by the neutralizer?
a) Hydrogen bonds, b) Salt bonds, c) Disulfide bonds, d) Carbon bonds
How does the cuticle of the hair affect how well it absorbs chemicals?
a) It makes the hair shiny, b) It makes the hair more porous, c) It helps the hair absorb moisture and chemicals, d) It strengthens the cuticle
What is the purpose of conditioners with acidic pH?
a) Adds moisture, b) Closes the cuticle, c) Makes hair shinier, d) Reduces protein loss
How do thermal protectants work in styling products?
a) Adds color, b) Adds moisture, c) Protects from heat, d) Reduces static
What is the function of polymers in hair gels and styling products?
a) Reduces static, b) Forms a protective film, c) Seals the cuticle, d) Adds shine
What is the active ingredient in chemical depilatories, and how does it work?
a) Calcium hydroxide, b) Ammonium thioglycolate, c) Sodium chloride, d) Sodium hydroxide
How does the size of the molecules in hair products affect absorption?
a) Larger molecules penetrate easily, b) Smaller molecules remain on the surface, c) Larger molecules remain on the surface, d) Size doesn’t matter
What is the role of triglycerides in hair and skin care?
a) Add shine, b) Seal moisture, c) Protect from UV, d) Strengthen hair
How does an oxidative dye differ from a direct dye?
a) Oxidative dye requires a developer, b) Direct dye requires heat, c) Oxidative dye is temporary, d) Direct dye oxidizes melanin