States of matter and the Kinetic Molecular Theory Flashcards
(8 cards)
What is diffusion?
The movement of atoms or molecules from an area of higher concentration to an area of lower concentration.
What is Brownian motion?
The random movement of microscopic particles suspended in a liquid or gas, caused by collisions between these particles and the molecules of the liquid or gas.
What is melting?
The process during which a solid changes to a liquid by the application of heat.
What is evaporation?
The change of a liquid into a vapour at any temperature below the boiling point (ps happens at the surface of the of a liquid)
What is freezing?
The process during which a liquid changes to a solid by the removal of heat.
What is sublimation?
The process during which a solid changes directly into a gas without passing through an intermediate liquid phase.
What is condensation?
The process during which a gas or vapour changes to a liquid, either by a cooling or by being subjected to increased pressure.
Describe a solid liquid and gas according to the Kinetic Molecular Theory in terms of particles of matter.
Matter consists of small particles.
The particles are in constant motion.
There are forces of attraction between particles.
Particles collide (with the sides of the container and each other) and exert pressure.
The temperature of a substance is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the particles
A phase change may occur when the energy of particles changes.
