Atomic structure Flashcards
(8 cards)
Define atomic number
The number of protons in an atom of an element.
Define isotope
Atoms of the same element having the same number of protons, but different numbers of neutrons.
Define relative atomic mass
The mass of a particle on a scale where an atom of carbon 12 has a mass of 12.
Describe atomic orbitals as?
The most probable regions in space where electrons have the specific energy corresponding to the orbital are found.
Describe the shape of s-orbitals as?
Spherical
Describe the shape of p-orbitals as?
Double teardrop shaped orbital
State Hund’s rule
No pairing in p orbitals before there is not at least one electron in each of them.
State Pauli’s exclusion principle
Maximum of two electrons per orbital provided that they spin in opposite directions.