Static Electricity Flashcards
(50 cards)
protons are positive/negative/neutral
positive
neutrons are positive/negative/neutral
neutral
where are protons and neutrons found in an atom
in the nucleus
electrons are positive/negative/neutral
negative
where are electrons found in an atom
orbiting the atom
can you remove protons from the nucleus?
it is almost impossible
can you remove electrons from round the outside?
it it very easy
how do you charge a polythene rod?
when a polythene rod is rubbed, the friction causes the electrons in the duster to transfer to the polythene rod
the polythene then has more electrons than protons and is negatively charged
the duster then has fewer electrons than protons and is positively charged

how do you charge an acetate rod?
when the acetate rod is rubbed, the friction causes the electrons in the acetate rod to transfer to the duster
the acetate now rod has more protons than electrons and is positively charges
the duster now has more electrons than protons and is negatively charged

two negatively charged rods are held up to each other
what do they do and why
they move away from each other
like charges repel

two postively charged rods are help up to each other
what do they do and why
they move away from each other
like charges repel

two postively charged rods are help up very close to each other
what do they do and why
they move away from each other with a larger force as they are close together
like charges repel

two negatively charged rods are help up far away from each other
what do they do and why
they move away from each other wuth a smaller force as they are further apart
like charges repel

one postively charged rod and one negatively charged rod are help up to each other
what do they do and why
they come closer together
opposite charges attract

what does GLE stand for
Gold Leaf Electroscope

what does a GLE do?
this device detects electrical charge (positive or negative)
the gold leaf sticks up when charges are near the plate at the bottom
the greater the charge, the greater the angle of the leaf

what happens when a polythene rod is held up to a GLE
electrons in the GLE are repelled by the electrons in the rod
like charges repel so the leaf rises

what happens when an acetate rod is held up to a GLE
electrons in the GLE are attracted to the acetate rod and move upwards
positive charges attract so the leaf rises

how do you charge the GLE by induction
bring a postively charged rod close the the GLE
toughing the GLE with a finger allows electrons from the Earth to make the system neutral again, so the leaf goes down
remove the finger then remove the rod. this means we have an excess of negative charges which makes the leaf rise

how does a photocopier work?
the copying plate is given a charge
an image of the page to be copied is projected onto the charged copying plate
where light hits the page the charge leaks away, leaving a pattern on the page
black ink powder is attracted to the charges parts of the plate
black ink powder is transferred onto a piece of paper
the paper is heates so the powder melts and sticks to the page
this is now a photocopy of the original plate
what is electrostatic precipitator?
device used in chimneys to remove smoke from waste gases before they leave chimneys
why does the smoke need to be removed by an electrostatic precipitator in chimneys?
smoke particles, such as unreacted carbon, damage buildings and make it difficult to breath
how does an electrostatic precipitator work?
smoke particles gain a negative charge as they pass a negatively charged grid
they then become attracted to the positively charged collecting plates on the side of the chimney
once the plates are knocked, the smoke particles fall into a collector and the clean air passes out through the chimney

what is the use of the grid in an electrostatic precipitator?
the metal grid is given a high votlage
the grid that the smoke passes through may be positively or negatively charged
if the grid is negatively charged then the smoke particles gain electrons, if it is positively charged then they particles lose electrons
depending on their charge, the dust particles are attracted to the oppositely charged collceting plates
opposite charges attract








