STD Flashcards

(60 cards)

1
Q

STDs include

A
Chlamydia 
Gonorrhea 
Syphilis 
Herpes 
Chancroid
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2
Q

The most common bacterial STD

A

Chlamydia

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3
Q

Chlamydia causes ulcer that is called

A

Lymphogranuloma venerum

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4
Q

Chlamydia is usually co infected with

A

N.gonorrhea

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5
Q

What is Procitis ?

A

Rectal bleeding and inflammation

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6
Q

T/F chlamydia is usually asymptomatic

A

T

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7
Q

Male symptoms of chlamydia

A
Purulent urethral discharge
Dysuria
Scrotal pain
Fever
Hydrocele
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8
Q

Female symptoms of chlamydia

A

Cervicits (change in vaginal discharge, pruritus in genital area, intermestrual and post octal bleeding)
Urethritis (dysuria & frequency)

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9
Q

Complications of chlamydia in males

A

Epididymis & procitis

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10
Q

Complications of chalmydia in females

A

PID, tubo-ovarian abscess

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11
Q

Investigations of chlamydia

A

PCR and enzyme immunoassay
Urine sample for males
Endocervical swab for females
HIV and syphilis testing may be considered

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12
Q

Management of chlamydia

A

Azithromycin or doxycycline (for 7 days)

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13
Q

Gonorrhea is caused by

A

Niesseria gonorrhea

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14
Q

Features of N.gonorrhea organism

A

Gram -ve intracellular diplococci

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15
Q

Clinical features of gonorrhea

A

Like chlamydia

But its mostly asymptomatic in females

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16
Q

Complications of gonorrhea occur mostly in male or female?

A

Female, because they will be asymptomatic

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17
Q

Presentation features of gonorrhea

A

Conjunctivitis
Pharyngitis (sore throat, cervical lymphadenopathy)
Procitis (tenesmus, anorectal pain and bleeding)

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18
Q

Complications of gonorrhea

A

Females — PID, infertility, turbo ovarian abscess, chronic pelvic pain
Disseminated gonococcal infection

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19
Q

What is disseminated gonococcal infection ?

A

Fever, arthralgia, tenosynovitis
Migratory poly arthritis, septic arthritis
Skin rashes (distal)

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20
Q

Investigations of gonorrhea

A

Urethral discharge gram stain (organisms within leukocytes)
Culture (urethral swab in M, endocervical swab in F)
Consider testing HIV and syphilis

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21
Q

Gonorrhea is usually co-infected with

A

Chlamydia

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22
Q

Management of gonorrhea

A

Single IM ceftriaxone + single oral dose of azithromycin to cover chlamydia

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23
Q

Syphilis is caused by

A

Treponema pallidum

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24
Q

Duration of each syphilis stage

A

Primary (3-4weeks)
Secondary (4-8 weeks)
Latent
Tertiary (>40 years)

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25
Feature of primary syphilis stage
Chancre (painless ulcer with clear base well circumscribed) can heal In 14 days Highly infectious
26
Features of secondary syphilis
Chancre heals Maculopapular rash + bi lateral inguinal lymph nodes S&S of flu, aseptic meningitis and hepatitis
27
In which stages the syphilis is contagious
Primary + secondary
28
+ve serology test in the absence of clinical s&s, which stage of syphilis is this?
Latent
29
There is chance of syphilis relapse to secondary happen in which stage?
Early latent <1 year
30
Cardiovascular syphilis and neurosyphilis happen at which stage?
Tertiary
31
Cardiovascular syphilis features
Dilated ascending aorta and AR
32
Neurosyphilis feature include
Meningitis and tabes dorsalis
33
Investigation of syphilis
Dark field microscope | Non treponemal test (if +ve) —> treponemal test
34
Dark field microscopic in syphilis show
Taken sample from chancre will show spherocytes
35
No treponemal test include
RPR, VDRL
36
Non treponemal test are -ve in
Early disease - do dark field instead
37
Non treponemal test are false +ve in
SLE
38
Treponemal test include
FTA-ABS | MHA-TP
39
Management of early syphilis
Its important to prevent late stages | IM benzene penicillin or doxycycline for 14 days
40
Management of severe infection or high risk
IV aqueous penicillin
41
Management of latent or tertiary syphilis
3 doses of IM benzene penicillin G once/week Then follow up every 3 months Or oral doxycycline for 4 weeks
42
Chancroid is caused by
Hemophilia ducreyi (gram -ve rod)
43
Painful ulcers are caused by
Chancroid | HSV
44
Painless ulcer are caused by
``` Syphilis Lymphogranuloma venerum (Chlamydia) Granuloma inguinale (klebsiella) ```
45
Painful lymphadenopathy are found in
HSV Chlamydia Chancroid
46
Describe chancroid ulcer
Painful Deep ragged borders & with purulnt base that can bleed when scraped Unilateral tender lymphadenopathy
47
Investigation of chancroid
Clinically / PCR & gram stain Roll out syphilis, HIV, HSV No serologic and no Culture
48
Management of chancroid
Single IM dose of ceftriaoxne or single oral dose of azithromycin
49
2 main types of HSV
1 - oral ulcers 2- genital ulcers But both can cause the opposite
50
Where dose HSV stay?
Dorsal root ganglia
51
Transmission of HSV1
Non sexual contact (kissing)
52
Transmission of HSV2
Sexual contact
53
HSV1 could be associated with
Bell’s palsy
54
difference in primary infection between HSV 1 and 2
1- may be asymptomatic | 2- more severe and prolonged symptoms (up to 3 weeks)
55
Constitutional symptoms are seen with
HSV2
56
Describe ulcer in HSV2
Painful vesicular or pustules, pruritus, +/- vaginal and urethral discharge
57
What is disseminated HSV? And occur with who?
Occur in immunocompromised | Can result in encephalitis, meningitis, pneumonitis
58
Investigations of HSV
Done clinically and based on features of lesion If there is uncertainty: Gold standard- HSV culture (take 2-3 days) Tzanck smear (quick) Direct fluorescent and ELISA
59
Explain Tzanck smear
Swab from ulcer stained with wright stain | It will show - multinucleated giant cells (cannot diff HSV from VZV)
60
Management of HSV
No cure Symptomatic relief - antiviral (acyclovir, famciclovir, valacyclovir) Topical acyclovir used in mucocutaneaous disease For immunocompromised = foscarnet