stem cells

Question 1

what are stem cells

Answer 1

uunspecialised/undifferentiated cells that have the potential to become any cell

Question 2

how do stem cells replicate

Answer 2

1 specialised cell is formed and another daughter cell remains as a stem cell

Question 3

how are stem cells rated

Answer 3

by their potency

Question 4

what is potency

Answer 4

varying capability to differentiate into few or many cells types, depending on where the stem cells are found

Question 5

what cell is totipotent and for how lomg

Answer 5

a zygote, which is the first cell produced following fertilisation, this cell remains azygote (totipotent) for 3-4 days

Question 6

what does totipotent mean

Answer 6

stem cell that can differentiate into any cell type including placental cells

Question 7

what cells and for how long are pluripotent

Answer 7

embryonic stem cells 4 - 5 days after fertilisation. these are found in the early stages of a developing embryo

Question 8

what is plurpotent

Answer 8

stem cells that can diferentiate into all cell types aside from placental cells

Question 9

what does multipotent mean

Answer 9

stem cells that can differentiate into a limited number of specialised cell types belonging to a specific tissue or organ

Question 10

phases of embryonic development

Answer 10

zygote, morula, blastocyst, day 16 gastrulation

Question 11

what happens at gastrulation

Answer 11

3 multipotent germ layers form: ectoderm, mesoderm, endoderm

Question 12

what does the ectoderm form

Answer 12

nerves and skin

Question 13

mesoderm

Answer 13

muscles, blood and bone cells

Question 14

endoderm

Answer 14

internal organs