STEP1

Question 1

Lead poisoning causes (3)

Answer 1

Disrupt hemoglobin synthesis

Neurotoxicity

Anemia

Question 2

Lead poisoning inhibits (2)

Answer 2

delta- aminolevulinic acid dehydratase
Ferrochelatase

Important in heme synthesis

Question 3

Lead poisoning can cause degradation of

Answer 3

rRNA in RBC and can lead to basophilic stippling

Question 4

Tx medications for lead poisoning (3)

Answer 4

Dimercptosuccinic (DMSA)
Dimercaprol
CaEDTA

Question 5

Most abundant type of RNA

Answer 5

rRNA

Question 6

Start codon

Answer 6

AUG

Methionine

Question 7

STOP codon

Answer 7

UGA
UAA
UAG

Nonsense mutation

Question 8

Enzyme that breaksdown lactose

Answer 8

Beta-galactosidase

Breaks down into glucose and galactose

Question 9

Two things needs to breakdown of lactose

Answer 9

CAP (catabolite activating protein)

• Have to have for transcription b-galactosidase
• only present w/ absent glucose

Lac repressor protein

• alway bound unless lactose present
• allolactase binds repressor changes its shape prevents from binding DNA

Question 10

RNA polymerase I produces
RNA polymerase II
RNA polymerase III

Answer 10

rRNA

mRNA

tRNA

Question 11

alpha-amanitinin

Answer 11

mushroom toxin
inhibits RNA polymerase II
Hepatotoxicity, liver failure

Question 12

Rifampin

Answer 12

4Rs
Inhibits RNA polymerase
Red secretions
RRRRRevs up cytochrome P450

Question 13

5’ cap provided by

Answer 13

S-adenosyl-methionine (SAM)

Question 14

Splices out introns

Answer 14

Splicisome

Question 15

Creates tail w/o DNA template for 3’ end

Answer 15

Poly-A polymerase

Question 16

Specific signal to get started of 3’ end

Answer 16

AAUAA

Question 17

Shoulder muscles movements (4 muscles)

Answer 17

Supraspinatus: First 15 degree of abduction

Subscapularis: IR

Infraspinalus: ER

Terres minor: ER, transverse abduction, extension

Question 18

Suprascapular N.

Answer 18

Supraspinatus

Infraspinatus

Question 19

Axillary N.

Answer 19

Teres minor

Deltoid

Question 20

Upper and Lower subscapular N.

Answer 20

Subscapularis

Question 21

Drugs not to use w/ G6PD def

Answer 21

Sulfonamide drugs

Question 22

Vit K for synthesis of what coagulation factors

Answer 22

K is for koagulation

II, VII, IX, X
Protein C and S

Warfarin inhibits

Question 23

Vit K is essential cofactor for what enzyme

Answer 23

gamma-glutamyl carboxylase

Question 24

Black urine and dark spots in eyes

Answer 24

alkaptouria

Def of homogentisic acid oxidase

Question 25

Maple syrup urine disease deficiency

Answer 25

Branched chain alpha-ketoacid dehydrogenase complex

Question 26

Homocystinuria cause by deficiency in

Answer 26

Cystathionine synthase

Question 27

PKU deficiency in

Answer 27

Phenylalanine hydroxylase

Question 28

Albinism due to deficiency in

Answer 28

tyrosinase (one cause)

Question 29

RL step in gluconeogenesis

Answer 29

Fructose-1,6. bisphosphatase

Question 30

Pyridoxal phosphate is derived from what vitamin

Answer 30

Vit B 6

Question 31

RL step in cholesterol synthesis

Answer 31

HMG-coenzyme A reductase

Question 32

Acetyl CoA carboxylase in involved in

Answer 32

RL step in fatty acid synthesis

Question 33

Lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase in involved in

Answer 33

RL step in beta-oxidation of fatty acids

Question 34

AA this is precursor for GABA

Answer 34

Glutamate

Question 35

AA Precursor for creatine and NO

Answer 35

Arginine

Question 36

AA precursor for histamine

Answer 36

Histidine

Question 37

AA precursor for porphyrin and heme

Answer 37

Glycine

Question 38

Antibiotics that work at 30S ribosomal subunit

Answer 38

Aminoglycosides (Gentamicin, tobramycin) and tetracyclines

Question 39

Antibiotics that work at 50S ribsomal subunit

Answer 39

Macrolides (Asithromycin, clarithromycin, erythromycin) Linezolid Clindamycin Chloramephenicol

Question 40

Cyanocobalamin

Answer 40

Vit B12 Dorsal column dysfunction (loss of vibration sense and proprioception) Atrophic glossitis Angular cheilitis Megaloblastic anemia

Question 41

Folate

Answer 41

Vit B9 | Megaloblastic anemia not neurlogic

Question 42

Niacin

Answer 42

``` Vit B3 Pellagra Photosensitivity dermatitis Diarrhea Neurologic sympmtoms ( encephalopathy, delusions, dementia) ```

Question 43

Pyridoxine

Answer 43

Vit B6 Stomatitis Glossitis Cheilitis Rash

Question 44

Thiamine

Answer 44

Vit B1 Beriberi Wernicke-Korsakoff syn

Question 45

Sclerosis

Answer 45

abnormal hardening of body tissue

Question 46

Sclerodactyly

Answer 46

thickening and tightening of fingers

Question 47

Telangiectasia

Answer 47

Widening of venules Spider veins Thread like red lines

Question 48

pruritis

Answer 48

itchy