STIs

Question 1

painless round chancre

Answer 1

syphilis

Question 2

cauliflower, wart like lesion

Answer 2

HPV

Question 3

irritated cervix, increased or absent discharge (often overlooked by pt)

Answer 3

chlamydia

Question 4

painful, fluid filled vesicles

Answer 4

HSV (herpes)

Question 5

treatment for syphilis

Answer 5

penicillin

Question 6

treatment for HPV

Answer 6

tricholacetic acid, freezing, Podophyllin

Question 7

treatment for HSV (herpes)

Answer 7

Acyclovir, Valtrex

Question 8

treatment for chlamydia

Answer 8

Azithromycin

Question 9

describe primary prevention

Answer 9

• never acquire STI in first place
• most effective way of reducing STIs in women
• barrier method (condom or abstinence)

Question 10

describe secondary prevention

Answer 10

• identify at risk population and screen them
• prompt diagnosis and treatment can prevent personal complications and transmission to others
• test everyone under 24 that is sexually active

Question 11

Risk reduction measures

Answer 11

• knowledge of partner
• reduction of # of partners
• low risk sex
• avoiding exchanges of body fluids
• vaccination
• physical barriers (condoms)
• chemical barriers (Nonoxynol 9)
• communication

Question 12

describe chlamydia

Answer 12

infection is often silent and highly destructive
difficult to diagnose
sexualy active women 15-24 yrs have highest rates

Question 13

screening/diagnosis of chlamydia

Answer 13

asymptomatic and pregnant women

comparisons of diagnostic procedures

Question 14

treatment and education of chlamydia

Answer 14

Doxycycline (7 days)
Azithromycin (1 day)
*no intercourse until 7 days after med is taken
*all exposed partners need to be treated

Question 15

what disease goes hand in hand with chlamydia

Answer 15

gonorrhea

Question 16

describe gonorrhea

Answer 16

often asymptomatic
oldest communicable disease in US
highest rates among <25 and African Americans

Question 17

treatment of gonorrhea

Answer 17

*rocephin
(antibiotic therapy)
cefiximine of ceftraxane

Question 18

describe syphilis

Answer 18

• transmitted by kissing, biting, oral genital sex
• transplacental transmissions can occur
• can lead to systemic disease and death when untreated

Question 19

treatment of syphilis

Answer 19

penicilin and sexual abstinence during treatment

Question 20

treatment of syphilis

Answer 20

penicillin and sexual abstinence during treatment

Question 21

stages of syphilis manifestation

Answer 21

Primary- 5-90 days after exposure (painless sore)
Secondary- 6 wks to 6 mos (body rash)
Tertiary- develops in 1/3rd of women infected (affects internal organs)

Question 22

what is the most common viral STI

Answer 22

HPV

Question 23

health care worker at greatest risk of being infected with

Answer 23

Hep B virus

Question 24

describe PID

Answer 24

pelvic inflammatory disease

• infectious process most commonly involves fallopian tubes, uterus, and ovaries or peritoneal surfaces
• caused by multiple organisms

Question 25

risk factors of PID

Answer 25

- young age - nulliparity - multiple partners - high rate of new partners - hx of STIs of PID

Question 26

at risk for if have PID

Answer 26

- ectopic pregnancy * *infertility - chronic pelvic pain

Question 27

affects 20 million Americans | most prevalent viral STI seen in ambulatory HC setting

Answer 27

HPV (human papillomavirus)

Question 28

what are the symptoms of HPV

Answer 28

genital warts or venereal warts | cauliflower, wart like leison

Question 29

what are the symptoms of HPV

Answer 29

genital warts or venereal warts | cauliflower, wart like lesion

Question 30

treatment of HPV

Answer 30

freezing, tricholacetic acid, Podophyllin

Question 31

how is HPV screened for

Answer 31

hx of known exposure and Pap test

Question 32

describe how often pap is done

Answer 32

every 3 yrs starting at 21 yrs of age regardless of sexual activity

Question 33

what is given to prevent HPV cancers

Answer 33

Gardasil vaccine

Question 34

describe Gardasil

Answer 34

cancer vaccine and decreases/prevents genital warts

Question 35

what type of HPV causes genital warts

Answer 35

6 and 11

Question 36

how are HSV 1 & 2 transmitted

Answer 36

1=nonsexually | 2=sexually

Question 37

describe initial symptoms of HSV

Answer 37

painful, fluid filled vesicles | fever, chills, malaise and severe dysuria

Question 38

describe herpes

Answer 38

HSV * chronic and recurring * no cure

Question 39

what is given to control herpes symptoms

Answer 39

systemic antiviral meds

Question 40

maternal infection with what strand of herpes can affect mother and fetus

Answer 40

HSV-2 | neonatal herpes causes severe complicaitons

Question 41

virus acquired through fecal oral route | vaccines are effective at preventing transmission of this

Answer 41

HAV (Hepatitis A virus)

Question 42

what are the symptoms of HAV

Answer 42

flu symptoms | malaise, fatigue, anorexia, pruritus, fever, RUQ pain

Question 43

most threatening virus to fetus and neonate

Answer 43

HBV

Question 44

describe HBV

Answer 44

Hepatitis B virus disease of liver and silent infection vaccination series available health care providers at risk

Question 45

treatment of HBV

Answer 45

no specific treatment | spontaneous recovery 3-16 wks

Question 46

what are the initial symptoms of HIV

Answer 46

fever, headache, malaise, N/D, wt loss, rash, sore throat

Question 47

what drug decreases transmission of HIV to 1-2%

Answer 47

antiretroviral prophylaxis

Question 48

what type of delivery is recommended for HIV pts

Answer 48

c section

Question 49

what are the effects of STI in pregnancy

Answer 49

``` premature rupture of membranes premature labor postpartum sepsis dystocia miscarriage ```

Question 50

what STIs are also TORCH infections

Answer 50

(can cross placenta and affect fetus) - toxoplasmosis - HIV, hepatitis - rubella virus - cytomegalovirus - herpes simplex virus (HSV)

Question 51

what STDs need to be reported (infection control)

Answer 51

chlamydia, HIV, syphilis, Hep B, Hep C, gonorrhea, chancoid