Streching/balance/energy

Question 1

myostatic contacture

Answer 1

Muscle-tendon unit is adaptivly shortened (decrease sacromere units)

Question 2

Psudomyostatic contracture

Answer 2

impaired mobility w limited ROM due to hypertonic pacicity or rigitity (results in spasms, gaurding, pain)

Question 3

Arthrogenic contracture

Answer 3

results of intra articular pathologies (adhesions, osteophytes, ireggularities)

Question 4

Periarticular contracture

Answer 4

connective tissue crossing a joint capsule loses mobility

Question 5

Fibrotic contracture

Answer 5

fibrous changes in connective tissue

Question 6

irreversible contracture

Answer 6

Normal muscle tissue + connective tissue are replaced w non extendabole fibrotic adhesions, scar tissue and bone

Question 7

Some contraindications of stretching

Answer 7

• Bony block
• recent fx
• acute inflamation
• sharp pain
• existing hypermobility

Question 8

What is PNF stretching

Answer 8

uses active muscle contraction as a strech to facilitate or inhibit muscles

Question 9

Conclusion of dynamic vs static stretching in jump hieght

Answer 9

No sig diference

Question 10

2 joint receptors and what they do

Answer 10

Ruffini endings- on flexion side of joint, respond to load changes vs displacement (stimed by extreme motion)

Pancian corpuscles- located in joint capsul and measure joint motion

Question 11

2 muslce + tendon receptors an what they do

Answer 11

GTO- respond to tension

Muscle spindles- respond to stretch + effects of contraction

Question 12

3 systems that influence balance

Answer 12

1. Visual
2. Somatosensory
3. Vestibular

Question 13

Tests to meausre sensory function

Answer 13

1. Sit to stand test
2. Rhombergs
3. Single leg stance
4. Tandem gait

Question 14

neuropathic vs nocioceptive pain

Answer 14

neuropathic- nerve damage

Nocioceptive- soft tissue damage, caused by stim of peripheral nerve fibres

Question 15

when a painful stim is encountered the body relays info from the somatic sensory receptors to the cerebra cortex via

Answer 15

1. First order neuron (dorsal root ganglion)
2. Second order (spinothalmatic tract)
3. Third order (thalmus)

Question 16

What is the gate control theory and what fibres decrease ascending transmission

Answer 16

pain and non painful stim go thru same pathway, Large Ab fibres decrease ascending trasmission

Question 17

V02 max in trained and untrained indv

Answer 17

untrained- m(35-40 ml/kg/min) f(27-31)

Trained- m(85) f(77)

Question 18

What is V02 max dependednt on (4)

Answer 18

• heart to pump blood
• Tissues to extract o2
• body to ventilate
• The alveoli to extract o2 from the air

Question 19

what are the 3 energy systems in quickest to longest

Answer 19

PC (10-30sec)
anaerobic glycolytic (up to 3 mins)
Aerobic

Question 20

activity guidlines for adults

Answer 20

150 mod to vigerous aerobic physical activity per week in bouts of 10 mins or more

Question 21

at what V02 and MaxHr does conditioning response generally occur

Answer 21

50-85% V02max

60-90% max HR

Question 22

how to do karvonen formula for getting estimated exercise HR

Answer 22

1. Calculate HRR- HRmax-HRrest

2. HRR* % u want+ HRrest

Question 23

benifits of warm up for cardiovascular

Answer 23

• increase mm temp
• dialation of capillaries with increased circulation to promote o2 delivery
• increase venous return

Question 24

general guidlines for cardiovascular rehab program

Answer 24

warm up- 5-10min
Activity- 20-30 mins with target HR
cool down-20-30 mins