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Stress Flashcards

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1
Q

_ is the arousal of a persons mind and body in response to demands made upon them which forces a person to adapt, cope or adjust to various circumstances.

A

Stress

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2
Q

Not all stress is _

A

Bad

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3
Q

_ can increase sharpness and motivation and keep people alert and involved

A

Stress

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4
Q

Positive stress is called _

A

Eustress

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5
Q

_ can be a sign that a person is taking on a challenge or trying to reach a goal

A

Eustress

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6
Q

_ _ or _ is linked to intense pressure or anxiety that can have severe short term and/or long term, psychological and physiological issues

A

Negative Stress

Distress

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7
Q

When stress becomes too _ or _, it can strain people’s ability to adjust to various situations

A

Severe

Prolonged

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8
Q

High School and college students often experience stress that is related to what 5 things?

A 
family problems
relationships
pressures at school
loneliness
general nervousness
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9
Q

Stress is the main reason most _ and _ college students seek help at college counseling centers

A

Freshman

Sophomore

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10
Q

The event or situation that produces stress is called a _

A

stressor

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11
Q

However, what is a _ for one person may not be a _ for another

A

stressor

stressor

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12
Q

One person may find a long plane flight _ and like a _ _ another person might find the same plane flight _ and _

A

Relaxing
Mini Vacation
Stressful
Unpleasant

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13
Q

However some stressors are _ to nearly all people

A

common

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14
Q

When stress and stressors pile up on one another, we can reach a point where we have difficulty _

A

coping

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15
Q

It is important to recognize some of the causes of _

A

Stress

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16
Q

One of the most common sources of stress is _-being blocked from obtaining a goal

A

Frustration

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17
Q

The everyday frustrations we all experience are called _ _

A

Daily Hassles

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18
Q

What are the 8 main types of daily hassles?

A 
Household Hassles
Health Hassles
Time-Pressure Hassles
Inner Concern Hassles
Environmental Hassles
Financial Hassles
Work Hassles
Future Security Hassles
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19
Q

Preparing meals, laundry, children, cleaning, shopping, cutting grass

A

Household Hassles

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20
Q

including illness, pregnancy, anxiety about medical tests or dental appointments, side effects of medications

A

Health Hassles

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21
Q

including the feeling that there are too many things to do, too many responsibilities, and not enough time to get done what you feel needs to be done

A

Time-Pressure Hassles

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22
Q

including feeling of low self esteem and loneliness

A

Inner Concern Hassles

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23
Q

noise, crowding, pollution, traffic and crime

A

Environmental Hassles

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24
Q

concerns about paying current bills, repaying loans, saving for the future

A

Financial Hassles

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25
Researchers _ _ and _ _ (1967) attempted to rank the effects of various life changes according to the amount of stress each produced
Thomas Holmes | Richard Rahe
26
The life changes in the stress experiment ranked from the _ _ _ _ to less upsetting events such as a _ _ _, _ _, _ _ _
Death of a Spouse Change in sleep Eating habits Going on Vacation
27
Even life changes that are _ can produce stress because they require a certain amount of adjustment
Enjoyable
28
According to _and _, too much of a good thing can even make a person sick
Holmes | Rache
29
Too many life changes, even good ones, can cause stress that leads to _, _ _ _, _, and other health issues.
Headaches High Blood Pressure Accidents
30
_ stress that causes a person to be pulled in 2 or more directions by opposing forces or motives
Conflict
31
Psychologists have identified what 4 types of conflicts?
Approach-Approach Conflict Avoidance-Avoidance Conflict Approach-Avoidance Conflict Multiple Approach Avoidance Conflict
32
_-_ _ is the least stressful type of conflict because the choices are positive
Approach-Approach Conflict
33
An Approach Approach Conflict is usually resolved by _ _ _
Making a Decision
34
However, after the decision is made, the person may still have persistent _ _ about whether or not they have made the right decision
Self Doubts
35
The decision maker in the _ _ _ situation may not feel settled until they are in a new situation and know that things are going to work out
Approach Approach Conflict
36
_ _ and the getting _ to a new setting and people are usually what helps Approach Approach Conflict fade
Time Passing | Accustomed
37
People in this type of conflict are forced to choose the “lesser of 2 evils”-that is, to choose between 2 unsatisfactory alternatives
Avoidance Avoidance Conflicts
38
A choice of whether or not to do something when part of the situation is attractive but the other is not
Approach-Avoidance Conflict
39
People face this type conflict when a choice is both good and bad at the same time
Approach-Avoidance Conflict
40
Several alternative courses of action has its advantages and disadvantages
Multiple Approach Avoidance
41
Some people actually create their own _
Stress
42
Psychologists have classified people into what 2 basic personality types?
``` Type A (Intense) Type B (Laid back) ```
43
Always on the go; Put pressure on themselves and are constantly under stress; Highly driven, competitive and impatient
Type A
44
_ _ people always feel rushed and pressured because they operate at full speed and become annoyed when there is even the slightest delay
Type A
45
They are irritable when they have to wait in line
Type A
46
They walk, eat, and talk faster than other people, and they are generally quick to become angry
Type A
47
They are more patient and more relaxed, do not become angry as easily, and are typically less driven
Type B
48
While _ _ people often earn more money than _ _ people do, _ _ people pay a heavy price for their success
Type A Type B Type A
49
Research shows that _ _ people run a much greater health risk than _ _ people
Type A | Type B
50
What health risks are higher among Type A personality people?
``` Coronary Heart Disease Hypertension Depression Divorce rates Suicide ```
51
What are the 5 responses to stress?
``` Self-Efficacy Expectations Psychological Hardiness Sense of Humor Predictability Social Support ```
52
Different stressful situations produce similar responses by the body
General Adaption Syndrome
53
GAS has what 3 stages?
Alarm reaction Resistance Stage Exhaustion Stage
54
initiated when a stressor is perceived
Alarm Reaction
55
Alarm Reaction mobilizes the body for defensive action; this is sometimes referred to as _ or _ reaction
Flight | Fight
56
people attempt to find a way to cope with the stressor to avoid being overwhelmed by their negative reactions to the stressor
Resistance Stage
57
the adrenal and other glands activated by the fight-or-flight reaction can no longer continue to secrete hormones
Exhaustion Stage
58
Continued stress during the exhaustion stage may cause people to develop health problems ranging from _ and _ to _ and _ _-even _
``` Allergies Hives Ulcers Heart Disease Death ```
59
_ and _ protect the body from allergic reactions (such as difficulty breathing)
Corticosteroids | ACTH
60
Hormones are still being released but at _ levels than in the alarm stage
Lower
61
may involve socially unacceptable behavior (substance abuse or aggression) running away from one’s problems (withdrawal), or self-deception (use of defensive mechanisms)
Defensive Coping
62
Used by many adolescents and adults to try and reduce the feelings of stress
Substance Abuse
63
Some people use aggression and violence to cope with stressful situations
Aggression
64
some people withdraw from a stressful situation because they are frightened, feel helpless, or believe that any decision they make will be a mistake
Withdrawal
65
is the ultimate form of withdrawal
Suicide
66
methods the ego, according to Freud, uses to avoid recognizing ideas or emotions that may cause personal anxiety
Defense Mechanisms
67
develops as a result of our efforts to resolve conflicts between our biological impulses (id) and social restraints (superego)
Personality
68
Source of energy for the personality
Id
69
Primitive, unconscious reservoir that contains the basic motives, drives, and instinctive desires
Id
70
Acts on impulses
Id
71
Pushes for immediate gratification
Id
72
Conscience and the Ego Ideal
Superego
73
In charge of values and morals (learned from authority figures such as parents)
Superego
74
Inner voice of “shoulds” and “should nots”
Superego
75
individual’s view of the kind of person he or she should strive to become
Ego Ideal
76
Frequently opposes id’s desires
Ego Ideal
77
The Rational Mind
Ego
78
Referee between Superego and Id
Ego
79
Must make decisions that satisfy no part of the personality completely, but keeps the whole out of trouble
Ego
80
What are the 8 defense mechanisms?
``` Repression Projection Rationalization Reaction Formation Displacement Denial Regression Sublimation ```
81
One of the main Freudian defense mechanisms
Repression
82
removes anxiety causing ideas from conscious awareness by pushing them into the unconscious
Repression
83
Freud compared peoples personalities to
Teakettles
84
But acknowledging these urges would cause a person serious feelings of _, _, and _
Guilt, Anxiety, and Shame
85
The use of self deception to justify unacceptable behavior or ideas
Rationalization
86
The transfer of an idea or impulse from a threatening or unsuitable object to a less threatening object
Displacement
87
Freud believed that when an individual is under a great deal of stress they will return to behavior that is characteristics of an earlier stage of development
Regression
88
Freud believed people sometimes deal with unacceptable impulses by projecting these impulses outward onto other people
Projection
89
As a result of this Projection, they may think of the world as a _ place
Dangerous
90
people who use the RF act contrary to their genuine feelings in order to keep their true feelings hidden
Reaction Formation
91
a person refuses to accept reality of anything that is bad or upsetting
Denial

Psychology (3 decks)

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