Stress Personality

Question 1

IS A LIFE-LONG PROCESS”

Answer 1

LEARNING

Question 2

a person’s unique pattern of thoughts, feelings, and behaviors that persist (consistency) over time and across situations.

Answer 2

Personality (def.)

Question 3

•characteristics by which each person can be distinguished from other people

Answer 3

Personality

Question 4

Personality and Stress . Individuals differ dramatically in their response to a *. Some people are born with a temperament that predisposes them to higher or lower levels of **.

Answer 4

• problem or a stressor.

* *tolerance to stress

Question 5

Your * to a situation plays a role in determining how stressful a situation is to you.

Answer 5

cognitive reaction

Question 6

Methods of Assessing Personality

Answer 6

1. Erroneous Method
2. Pseudo-scientific Method
3. Scientific Method

Question 7

maybe based on physical appearance, facial features or expression, mannerism, style of dressing etc.

Answer 7

First Impression

Question 8

Erroneous Method

Answer 8

First Impression

Question 9

3 Pseudo-scientific Method

Answer 9

• Physiognomy
• *Phrenology
• **Graphology

Question 10

• a person’s facial features or expression, especially when regarded as indicative of character or ethnic origin.

Answer 10

Physiognomy

Question 11

• is the study of the structure of the skull to determine a person’s character and mental capacity.

Answer 11

Phrenology

Question 12

• the study of handwriting, for example, as used to infer a person’s character.

Answer 12

Graphology

Question 13

SCIENTIFIC METHOD

Answer 13

-Objective test
-Behavioral method
Interview
Life History method
-Projective Techniques

Question 14

• –traits
• –characteristics
• –behaviors
• –expressions
• –moods
• –feelings as perceived by others

Answer 14

Personality is thought to comprise several:

Question 15

The complexity of one’s personality is thought to be shaped by:

Answer 15

• –genetic factors
• –family dynamics
• –social influences
• –personal experiences

Question 16

Not all stress is caused by external pressures and demands. Your stress can also be *.

Answer 16

self-generated

Question 17

• Uncertainty or worries
• Pessimistic attitude
• Self-criticism
• Unrealistic expectations or beliefs
• Perfectionism
• Low self-esteem
• Excessive or unexpressed anger
• Lack of assertiveness

Answer 17

Internal Causes of Stress

Question 18

Studies have shown that people who display certain * are more likely to suffer from stress and so are prone to all the ill effects associated with stress, physical and emotional illnesses etc.

Answer 18

*characteristics and behaviour

Question 19

Stress-prone personalities

Answer 19

These personalities do not cope with stress well:
•Type A personality
•Codependent personality
•Helpless-hopeless personality

Question 20

• •Time urgency
• •Polyphasia (multitasking)
• •Ultra-competitiveness
• •Rapid speech patterns
• •Manipulative control
• •Hyper-aggressiveness and free-floating hostility

Answer 20

Type A behavior

Question 21

Multitasking

Answer 21

Polyphasia

Question 22

• Ardent approval seekers
• Perfectionists
• Super-overachievers
• Crisis managers
• Devoted loyalists
• Self-sacrificing martyrs
• Manipulators
• Victims
• Feelings of inadequacy
• Reactionaries

Answer 22

Codependent personality

Question 23

• Poor self-motivation
• Cognitive distortion where perception of failure repeatedly eclipses prospects of success
• Emotional dysfunction
• External locus of control of reinforcing behavior

Answer 23

Helpless-Hopeless personality

Question 24

Stress resistant personality

Answer 24

These personalities cope with stress well:
1.Hardy Personality

2. Survivor Personality
3. Type R Personality (Sensation Seekers)

Question 25

Sensation Seekers

Answer 25

Type R personality

Question 26

In hardy personality, Based on the work of Maddi and Kobasa | •Three characteristics noted in those who cope well with stress:

Answer 26

–Commitment (invests oneself in the solution) •–Control (takes control of a situation, doesn’t run from it) •–Challenge (sees opportunity rather than the problems)

Question 27

A person who responds rather than reacts to danger/stress

Answer 27

Survivor Personality Traits

Question 28

•Bi-phase traits (left and right brain skills)

Answer 28

Survival Personality Traits

Question 29

``` Proud but humble –Selfish but altruistic –Rebellious but cooperative –Spiritual but irreverent -Considered optimists and good at creative problem solving ```

Answer 29

Survival Personality Traits | Bi-phase trait

Question 30

identified the sensation-seeking personality as those people who seek thrills and sensations but take calculated risks in their endeavors; they appear to be dominated by an adventurous spirit.

Answer 30

Zuckerman (1971)

Question 31

The Bottom-Line Defense

Answer 31

Self-Esteem:

Question 32

``` –Focus on action –Living consciously –Self-acceptance –Self-responsibility –Self-assertiveness –Living purposefully ```

Answer 32

Practices of high self-esteem:

Question 33

``` Characteristics of High Self-Esteem •Connectedness (*) •Uniqueness (**) •Empowerment (***) •Role models or mentors (****) •Calculated risk taking (*****) ```

Answer 33

* support groups * *special qualities * **uses inner resources * ***has others to look up to * ****not motivated by fear

Question 34

Refers to the process of resolving stressful situations and of finding ways of feeling less stressed.

Answer 34

‘coping strategy’

Question 35

involves engaging in purposeful action to improve the situation

Answer 35

PROBLEM FOCUSSED COPING:

Question 36

involves efforts to reduce the negative emotions of stress

Answer 36

EMOTION FOCUSSED COPING:

Question 37

This refers to the behavioural and psychological efforts used to reduce, master or tolerate stress

Answer 37

Coping

Question 38

thoughts and behaviours used to manage the internal and external demands of stressful situations

Answer 38

FOLKMAN

Question 39

``` SKINNER’S FAMILIES OF COPING Problem solving 2.Support seeking 3.Distraction 4.Emotional regulation 5.Positive cognitive restructuring ```

Answer 39

Positive Strategies

Question 40

SKINNER’S FAMILIES OF COPING 1. Escape, avoidance 2. Rumination 3. Helplessness 4. Social withdrawal

Answer 40

Negative Strategies

Question 41

Reducing type a behavior •Find a friend who is more type B than type A - this will encourage you to copy there behaviours. •Talk about your emotions more, bottle them up is stressful over time •Take up a new hobby, one which is non competitive •Decide what your working hors are and stick to them. Appointments outside these times are a no no. Stop clock watching; take your watch off if this will helps •Make time for yourself at lest one a week, go to the theatre, take a walk, whatever you like to do Try not to butt in others conversations, allow others to take the floor. •Learn to delegate more •Take a fresh look at your priorities and decide which ones are truly important to you and focus on these. •Do things one at a time •Make time to eat and do nothing else whilst doing it. •Learn to congratulate or praise people for their work.

Answer 41

*