structure and function of circulatory system

Question 1

functions for circulatory system

Answer 1

1- circulate blood to body
2- transport oxygen, water, nutrients to all cells in the body
3- transports carbon dioxide and wastes away from the cells
4- maintain body tempurature
5- white blood cells fight infections

Question 2

circulate blood to body

Answer 2

• arteries open up (vasodilator) and constrict (vasoconstrictor) to allow more or less blood to reach certain body parts
• arteries taking blood to working muscles will vasodialate to allow for more blood flow to the muscle, whilst arteries taking blood to non active areas of the body vasoconstrict to reduce blood flow

Question 3

maintain body temperature

Answer 3

• if your body temperature drops drastically, your blood vessels will vasocontrict to decrease blood flow to the skin, shivering- shaking muscles- increases heat
• if you are hot, your blood vessels will vasodialate so there is no more blood flow to the skin
• your body also responds with swear production to cool your body down via evaporation of sweat off the skin surface

Question 4

white blood cells to fight infections

Answer 4

• responsible for moving to sites of infection where they destroy bacteria and other disease causing organisms

Question 5

heart

Answer 5

• muscular pump that contracts continuously to drive blood around the body through blood vessels- about the size of your fist
• protected by ribs, sternum and vertebrae column
• has 4 chambers
  left atrium- receives oxygenated blood
  right atrium- receives deoxygenated blood
  left ventricle- pumps oxygenated blood
  right ventricle- pumps deoxygenated blood

Question 6

veins

Answer 6

• carry blood towards hear, blood is deoxygenated except for pulmonary vein, thing collapsable walls, and valves to prevent back flow, blood under low blood pressure

Question 7

arteries

Answer 7

carry blood away from heart, blood is oxygenated, blood is pushed through arteries caused by contraction of hearts
- thick muscular walls, no valves, blood under high blood pressure

Question 8

capillaries

Answer 8

tiny blood vessels that reach every cells of the body, allows for passing of oxygen to tissues and the removal of carbon dioxide and diffusion
- 1 cell thick walls

Question 9

plasma

Answer 9

55%, clear yellow fluid which is 90% water
- carries the blood cells and continually passes through capillary walls into tissues
- provides cells with antibodies, proteins, glucose, fats and salts