structure and function of the cardio respiratory system

Question 1

what is diastole

Answer 1

the heart ventricles are relaxed and the heart fills up with blood

Question 2

what is systole

Answer 2

the ventricles contract and pump blood into the heart

Question 3

what happens during diastole

Answer 3

the atria and ventricles are relaxed and the valves between the atria and ventricles are open deoxygenated blood from the main veins flows into the right atrium the open atrioventricular valves allow blood to pass through to the ventricles

Question 4

what happens during systole

Answer 4

the left ventricle contracts forcing the left atrioventricular valve to close and the oxygenated blood is pumped into the aorta

Question 5

what does arteries do

Answer 5

carry blood away from the heart
thick muscular and elastic walls to withstand pressure
small lumen

Question 6

what does capillaries do

Answer 6

very thin blood vessels that allow gas exchange to happen

Question 7

what does veins do

Answer 7

carries blood to heart
large lumen

Question 8

what is vasoconstriction

Answer 8

reducing the diameter of small arteries to reduce blood flow to tissues

Question 9

what is vasodilation

Answer 9

increasing the diameter of small arteries to increase blood flow to tissues

Question 10

how do you work out cardiac output

Answer 10

cardiac output= heart rate * stroke volume

Question 11

give the pathway of blood during the cardiac cycle

Answer 11

deoxygenated blood into the right atrium
then into the right ventricle
the pulmonary artery then transports deoxygenated blood to the lungs
gas exchange occurs (blood is oxygenated)
pulmonary vein transports oxygenated blood back to the left atrium
then to the left ventricle
oxygenated blood is ejected and transported to the body via the aorta