STRUCTURE (FINALS) Flashcards
A RIGID HORIZONTAL STRUCTURAL
MEMBER DESIGNED TO CARRY AND
TRANSFER TRANSVERSE LOADS ACROSS
SPACE TO SUPPORTING ELEMENTS
BEAM
o (1 REACTION)
o ALLOWS LATERAL MOVEMENT
(EXPANSION AND CONTRACTION)
- ROLLER
o (2 REACTIONS)
o RESTRAINS TRANSLATION BUT
ALLOWS ROTATION (MOMENT)
PINNED
o (3 REACTIONS)
o RESTRAINS BOTH TRANSLATION
AND ROTATION (MOMENT)
FIXED (RIGID)
o IF THE EQUATIONS OF
EQUILIBRIUM ARE SUFFICIENT TO
ANALYZE A STRUCTURE
o If R = 3
DETERMINATE
o IF THE EQUATIONS OF
EQUILIBRIUM ARE NOT
SUFFICIENT TO ANALYZE A
STRUCTURE
o IF R > 3
o DEGREE = R - 3
INDETERMINATE
RESTS ON SIMPLE SUPPORTS AT
BOTH ENDS
SIMPLE
PROJECTING BEAM SUPPORTED
ONLY AT ONE FIXED END
CANTILEVER
BEAM EXTENDING BEYOND ONE
OF ITS SUPPORTS
OVERHANGING
A BEAM FIXED AT ONE END AND
THE OTHER END PLACED ON A
ROLLER SUPPORT
PROPPED
o FIXED AT BOTH ENDS
FIXED /RESTRAINED
o BEAM EXTENDING OVER MORE
THAN TWO SUPPORTS
CONTINUOUS
- DEFORMATION OF A BEAM EXPRESSED IN
TERMS OF ITS DEFLECTION FROM ITS ORIGINAL UNLOADED POSITION
ELASTIC CURVE
- GRAPHIC REPRESENTATION OF THE VARIATION IN MAGNITUDE OF THE EXTERNAL SHEARS PRESENT IN A STRUCTURE
SHEAR DIAGRAM
GRAPHIC REPRESENTATION OF THE
VARIATION IN MAGNITUDE OF THE
BENDING MOMENT PRESENT IN A
STRUCTURE
MOMENT DIAGRAM
- A POINT OF ZERO MOMENT
- THE POINT AT WHICH A STRUCTURE
CHANGES CURVATURE AS IT DEFLECTS
INFLECTION POINT
- SLIGHT CONVEX CURVATURE
INTENTIONALLY BUILT TO COMPENSATE
FOR AN ANTICIPATED DEFLECTION
CAMBER
o STRESSES IN CONCRETE AND
STEEL REACH TO PERMISSIBLE
VALUES AT THE SAME TIME
o CONCRETE AND STEEL
THEORETICALLY FAIL AT THE
SAME TIME
BALANCED SECTION
o CONCRETE IS CRUSHED BEFORE
STEEL YIELDS
o SUDDEN FAILURE WITHOUT
WARNING
OVER REINFORCED SECTION
o STEEL YIELDS FIRST CAUSING THE
BEAM TO DEFLECT PRIOR TO
FAILURE
. UNDER REINFORCED SECTION
- A RIGID, FLAT STRUCTURAL ELEMENT CONSTRUCTED TO CREATE FLAT AND USEFUL SURFACES SUCH AS FLOORS,
ROOFS AND CEILINGS
SLAB
o SUPPORTED BY BEAMS ON 2
OPPOSITE SIDES TO CARRY THE
LOAD ALONG ONE DIRECTION
o LONGER SPAN (L) / SHORTER SPAN
(B) ≥ 2
ONE- WAY SLAB
o ONE WAY SLAB
o REDUCES THE SPAN BETWEEN
THE BANDS REDUCED THICKNESS
FOR THE SLAB
o BANDS HAVE SMALLER DEPTH
THAN BEAMS = MORE CLEAR
HEIGHT / REDUCED STOREY
HEIGHT
BANDED SLAB
o ONE WAY SLAB
o REINFORCEMENTS ARE
CONCENTRATED IN SPACED RIBS
OR JOISTS TO MAKE THE SLAB
THINNER AND LIGHTER
RIBBED SLAB
